GARDNER, a city among the hills of northern Worcester county, Massachusetts, U.S.A., 6om. W. by N. of Boston, at an altitude of I,2ooft. It is served by the Boston and Maine railroad. The population was 16,971 in 1920 (32.7% foreign-born white) and was 19,399 in 193o by the Federal census. The outstanding in dustry is the manufacture of chairs, dating from 1805. Other im portant products are baby-carriages, oil stoves, silverware, time clocks, wood-working machinery and reed, fibre and upholstered furniture. The aggregate factory output in 1927 was valued at $17,885,307. The city maintains a system of supervised play grounds, a public bath-house and swimming pool, a toboggan slide and a ski jump. Gardner was formed in 1785 from parts of four other towns, and was named after Colonel Thomas Gardner who was mortally wounded at the 'battle of Bunker Hill. It was chartered as a city in 1923.