Gaspar Gourgaud

GOURGAUD, GASPAR, BARON (1783-1852), French soldier, was born at Versailles on Sept. 14, 1783. He served in the campaigns of 1803-5, at Saragossa, and in the Danubian campaign of 1809. He acted as ordnance officer to Napoleon throughout the Russian campaign of 1812, served in the campaign in Saxony, arid saved the emperor's life at Brienne. Though one of the royal guards of Louis XVIII. in 1814, he joined Napoleon in the Hun dred Days (1815), was named general and aide-de-camp, and fought at Waterloo. He shared Napoleon's exile at St. Helena, but tired of the life at Longwood and the friction with Montholon, and went to England, where he published his Campagne de 1815. He returned to the army in 1830, became a deputy to the Legis lative Assembly in 1849, and died in Paris in 1852.

His works include:

La Campagne de 1815 (London and Paris 1818) ; Napoleon et la Grande Armee en Russie; examen critique de l'ouvrage de M. le comte P. de SEgur (1824) ; Refutation de la vie de Napoleon par Sir Walter Scott (1827) ; Memoires pour servir a l'histoire de France sous Napoleon (with Montholon, 1822-23) ; Bourrienne et ses erreurs (with Belliard and others, 2 vols. 1830) ; his most important work is the Journal inidit de Ste-Helene (2 vols. 1899) .

See

B. Jackson, Notes and Reminiscences of a Staff Officer (1904), and the bibliography to the article LOWE, SIR HUDSON.