GRAPEFRUIT (Citrus decumana), the globular or some what flattened fruit of a tree closely related to the orange and lemon (qq.v.). The pear-shaped varieties of this fruit are known as shaddocks. The grapefruit often grows in bunches (whence the name) and the individual fruits are usually from 4 in. to 6 in. in diameter. The rind is yellow, the pulp, which has an acid, slightly bitter flavour, resembles that of a lemon in appear ance. It is cultivated in the West Indies and the United States, where it has long been used as a breakfast and dessert fruit, but more and more extensively since about 1900, when its cultivation was introduced into Florida and California. More recently it has become increasingly consumed in Europe; in the United Kingdom between 192o and 1924 imports multiplied sixfold. Florida is the principal source, its annual production for the ten-year period 1927-36 averaging I 2,194,00o boxes of about 8olb. each. In 1938 the crop in Florida was estimated at 21,000,000 boxes. Texas ranked second in 1938 with an estimated i 5,000,000 boxes, fol lowed by Arizona and California. The United Kingdom also im ports the fruit from British dominions, chiefly the West Indies and South Africa.