GREEN BAY, a city of eastern Wisconsin, U.S.A., at the south end of Green bay (Lake Michigan) where the Fox river empties into it, 114m. N. of Milwaukee; a port of entry and the county seat of Brown county. It is on Federal highways 41 and 141, has an airport, and is served by the Chicago and North Western, the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific and the Green Bay and Western railways, by inter-urban motor bus and trolley-car lines, and by lake and river steamers. The population was 31,017 in 1920 (88% native white) and was 37,415 in 1930 by Federal census. The city lies on high level ground on both sides of the river. It has a fine harbour, usually open from early April until December. The commerce of the port in 1927 amounted to tons (largely coal), valued at $24,751,000. There are large paper mills and other important manufacturing industries, with an output in 1927 valued at $26,425,947. Large quantities of grain, fish, cheese and other dairy products are shipped. The assessed valuation of property in 1926 was $55,830,191; bank clearings amounted to $ 7 5, 7 00,000. Five miles south-west of the city is the State reformatory (opened 1899) . Green Bay is the oldest town in Wisconsin and the seat of the earliest Roman Catholic bishopric established in the north-west. The "Tank Cottage" (now in Washington park), built by Joseph Roy, a French-Canadian voyageur, in 1766, near the mouth of the river, is reputed to be the oldest house in the State. In 1634 Jean Nicollet came to this region and found (probably at the Red Banks, I om. below the present city) a village of Winnebago Indians, whom at first he took for Chinese. Radisson, Groseilliers and other coureurs des Bois were visitors between 16J4 and 1658; Joliet and Marquette in 1673; Le Sueur and Perrot in 1683-85. Claude Jean Allouez, the Jesuit missionary, had his mission at the Red Banks before he established it permanently 5m. up the river at Rapides des Peres in 16 71-7 2. In 1718-20 Ft. St. Francis was built at the mouth of the river, and in 1745 the first permanent settle ment in the State was made at La Baye (within the present boun daries of Green Bay) by Augustin de Langlade. The fort was occupied by a British garrison from 1 7 61 to 1763, and again for a short time during the War of 1812. Until 1816, when the Ameri can fort (Ft. Howard) was garrisoned, the inhabitants of La Baye were regarded as British subjects. Fur traders employed by John Jacob Astor were stationed here as early as 181o, and about 1820 Astor put up a warehouse and other buildings. For many years there were two distinct settlements, Astor and Navarino, which were united in 1839 as Green Bay. The city was chartered in 1854, and in 1893 Ft. Howard was consolidated with it. From about 1890 it was an important lumber centre. The first news paper in Wisconsin, the Green Bay Intelligencer, began publica tion here in 1833.