GUADIX, a city of southern Spain, in the province of Granada ; on the left bank of the river Guadix, a subtributary of the Guadiana Menor, and on the Madrid-Valdepenas-Almeria railway. Pop. (193o), 21,949. Guadix occupies part of an ele vated plateau among the northern foothills of the Sierra Nevada. Guadix el Viejo, 5 m. N.W., was the Roman Acci, and, according to tradition, the seat of the first Iberian bishopric, in the 2nd century. After 711 it rose to some importance as a Moorish fortress and trading station, and was renamed Wad Ash, "Water of Life." It was surrendered without a siege to the Spaniards, under Ferdinand and Isabella, in 1489. Guadix is surrounded by ancient walls, and was formerly dominated by a Moorish castle. It is an episcopal see of great antiquity. The cathedral was built in the 18th century on the site of a mosque. The city was once famous for its cutlery. It has some trade in wool, cotton, flax, corn and liqueurs. The warm mineral springs of Graena, much frequented during the summer, are 6 m. W.