GUILFORD, a town, including a borough of the same name, in New Haven county, Conn., U.S.A., on Long Island sound, 16 m. E. by S. of New Haven. It is served by the New York, New Haven and Hartford railroad. The population of the town was 3,117 in 193o ; of the borough, 1,880. The 1 2 acre green is shaded by fine old trees, and on an eminence commanding a view of the sound is a stone house, built in 1639 for a meeting-house, par sonage and fortification, which was restored in 1898 and made a state museum. Guilford was founded in 1639 as an independent colony by some 25 families from Kent, Surrey and Sussex, under the leadership of the Rev. Henry Whitfield, on land they bought from the Indians. The colony was at first known by the Indian name Menuncatunk. In 1643, for considerations of safety, it became a member of the New Haven jurisdiction, but with the understanding that Guilford planters who were not church mem bers should have certain rights in town meeting; and from 1661 until 1664 it was active in urging submission to Connecticut, which did away with the church-state and the restriction of the suffrage to freemen. Guilford was the birthplace of Fitz-Greene Halleck, the poet; and of Samuel Johnson, the first president of King's college (now Columbia university). The borough was incorporated in 1815.