GUIMARAES, a town of northern Portugal, 36 m. N.E. of Oporto by the Trofa-Guimaraes branch of the Oporto-Corunna railway. Pop. Guimaraes is a very ancient town with Moorish fortifications. It occupies a low hill, skirted on the north-west by a small tributary of the river Ave. The citadel founded in the 11th century by Count Henry of Burgundy, was in 1094 the birthplace of his son Alphonso, the first king of Portugal. The font in which Alphonso was baptized is preserved, among other interesting relics, in the collegiate church of Santa Maria da Oliveira, "St. Mary of the Olive," a Romanesque build ing of the 14th century, which occupies the site of an older foundation. The convent of Sao Domingos, now a museum of antiquities, has a fine 12th–I3th century cloister; the town hall is built in the blend of Moorish and Gothic architecture known as Manueline. Guimaraes has a flourishing trade in wine and farm produce; it also is engaged in the manufacture of cutlery, linen, leather and preserved fruits. Near the town are Citania, the ruins of a prehistoric Iberian city, and the hot sulphurous springs of Taipas.