GREY, HENRY GREY, 3RD EARL (1802-1894), English statesman, was born on Dec. 28, 1802, the son of the end Earl Grey, prime minister at the time of the Reform Bill of 1832. As Viscount Howick, he sat in the House of Commons, first for Winchelsea, and then for Northumberland. He was under secretary for the colonies in his father's ministry in 183o, and then laid the foundation of his great knowledge of and interest in colonial affairs. He belonged to the more advanced party of colonial reformers, sharing the views of Edward Gibbon Wake field on questions of land and emigration, and he resigned in from dissatisfaction that slave emancipation was made gradual instead of immediate. In 1835 he entered Lord Melbourne's cabinet as secretary at war, but in 1839 he again resigned, dis approving of the more advanced views of some of his colleagues. He became colonial secretary in 1846, and the six years of his administration effected a revolution in the relations between Eng land and her colonies. Grey was the first minister to proclaim that the colonies were to be governed for their own benefit and not for the mother-country's ; the first systematically to accord them self-government so far as then seemed possible; the first to introduce free trade into their relations with Great Britain and Ireland. The concession by which colonies were allowed to tax imports from the mother-country ad libitum was not his; he protested against it, but was overruled. In the West Indies he suppressed, if he could not overcome, discontent; in Ceylon he put down rebellion; in New Zealand he suspended the constitu tion he had himself accorded, and yielded everything into the masterful hands of Sir George Grey. The least successful part of his administration was his treatment of the convict question at the Cape of Good Hope, which seemed an exception to his rule that the colonies were to be governed for their own benefit and in accordance with their own wishes, and subjected him to a humiliating defeat. After his retirement he wrote a history and defence of his colonial policy in the form of letters to Lord John Russell, a dry but instructive book (Colonial Policy of Lord John Russell's Administration, 1853). He resigned with his colleagues in 1852 and never again held office.
During the remainder of his long life he exercised a vigilant criticism on public affairs. His principal parliamentary appear ances were when he moved for a committee on Irish affairs in 1866, and when in 1878 he passionately opposed the policy of the Beaconsfield cabinet in India. He died on Oct. 9,