GUMBEL, KARL WILHELM VON, BARON (1823 1898), German geologist, was born at Dannenfels, in the Palati nate of the Rhine, on Feb. II, 1823. He was professor of geognosy in Munich and director of the geological survey in Bavaria. His geological map of Bavaria appeared in 1858; the official memoir descriptive of the detailed work, entitled Geognostische Beschreib ung des Konigreichs Bayern was issued in three parts (1861, 1868 and 1879). He wrote Geologie von Bayern (1884-1894), an elabo rate treatise on geology, with special reference to the geology of Bavaria. In 186i Gumbel introduced the term Rhaetic for the uppermost division of that system ; he supported at first the view of the organic nature of Eozoon (1866 and 1876), he devoted special attention to Foraminifera, and described those of the Eocene strata of the northern Alps (1868) ; he dealt also with Receptaculites (187 5) which he regarded as a genus belonging to the Foraminifera. He died on June 18, 1898.