GONZAGA, THOMAZ ANTONIO (I 1$O9) Por tuguese poet, was born at Oporto, and brought up at Bahia, Brazil, where his father was disembargador of the appeal court. After completing his legal studies at Coimbra he remained there for some time, and compiled a treatise on natural law. In 1782 he was made disembargador of the appeal court at Bahia; in 1785, on the eve of his marriage with the "Marilia" of his verses, he was arrested on a charge of complicity in the conspiracy of Tiradentes, and after three years' imprisonment was exiled to Mozambique. His last years were darkened by melancholia, deepening into madness, and he died in exile. His reputation as a poet rests on a little volume of bucolics entitled A Marilia de Dirceo (Dirceo being his Arcadian pen name), which includes all his published verses and is divided into two parts, corresponding with those of his life. The first extends to his imprisonment and breathes only love and pleasure, while the main theme of the second part, written in prison, is his saudade for Marilia and past happiness. Gonzaga borrowed his forms from Anacreon and The ocritus, but the matter, except for an occasional imitation of Petrarch, the natural, elegant style and the harmonious metrifica tion, are all his own. Marilia is the most celebrated collection of erotic poetry dedicated to a single person in the Portuguese tongue. BIBLIOGRAPHY.--The Paris edition of 1862 in 2 vols. is in every way the best, although the authenticity of the verses in its 3rd part, which do not relate to Marilia, is doubtful. A popular edition of the first two parts was published in 1888. A French version of Marilia by Monglave and Chalas appeared in Paris in 1825, an Italian by Vegezzi Ruscalla at Turin in 1844, a Latin by Dr. Castro Lopes at Rio in 1868, and there is a Spanish one by Vedia. See Innocencio da Silva, Diccionario Bibliographico Portuguez vol. vii., p. 320; also Dr. T. Braga, Filinto Elysio e os Dissidentas da Arcadia (Oporto, 190I).