GUTSCHMID, ALFRED, BARON VON (1835-1887), Ger man historian and orientalist, was born on July 1, 1835 at Losch witz (Dresden). After holding chairs at Kiel (1866), Konigsberg (1873), and Jena (1876), he was finally appointed professor of history at Tubingen, where he died on March 2, 1887. He devoted himself to the study of Eastern language and history in its pre Greek and Hellenistic periods and contributed largely to the litera ture of the subject. Of his numerous works the best-known is his Geschichte Irans (Alexander the Great to the fall of the Arsacidae) (Tubingen, 1887). He wrote on Persia and Phoenicia in the 9th edition of the Encyclopcedia Britannica. (See LANGUAGE AND WRITING.) A collection of minor works entitled Kleine Schriften was published by F. Ruhl at Leipzig 5 vols.) , with complete list of his writings.