HILL, AMBROSE POWELL (1825-1865), American Con federate soldier, was born in Culpeper county, Va., on Nov. 9, 1825, and graduated at West Point in 1847, being appointed to the 1st U.S. artillery. He served in the Mexican and Seminole Wars, was promoted first lieutenant in Sept. 1851, and in 186o was employed on the U.S. coast survey. In March 1861, just before the outbreak of the Civil War, he resigned his com mission, and when his State seceded he was made colonel of a Virginian infantry regiment, winning promotion to the rank of brigadier-general on the field of Bull Run. In the Peninsular campaign of 1862 he gained further promotion, and as a major general was one of the most prominent and successful divisional commanders of Lee's army in the Seven Days', Second Bull Run, Antietam and Fredericksburg campaigns. His division formed part of "Stonewall" Jackson's corps, and he was severely wounded in the flank attack of Chancellorsville in May 1863. After Jack son's death Hill was made a lieutenant-general and placed in command of a corps of Lee's army, which he led in the Gettys burg campaign of 1863, the autumn campaign of the same year, and the Wilderness and Petersburg operations of 1864-65. He was killed in front of the Petersburg lines on April 2, 1865. His reputation as a troop leader in battle was one of the highest among the generals of both sides.
See James P. Mathews, "How General A. P. Hill met his Fate," in Southern Hist. Soc. Papers, vol. xxvii., p. 26-38