HAXO, FRANCOIS NICOLAS BENOIT, BARON 1838), French general and military engineer, was born at Lune ville on June 24, 1774, and entered the Engineers in 1793. After the second siege of Saragossa (1809), Napoleon made him a colonel. He fought in the Napoleonic campaigns and after the retreat from Moscow was made general of division. In 1813 he constructed the works around Hamburg which made Davout's defence possible, and commanded the Guard Engineers until he was captured at Kulm. After the Restoration Haxo remained faithful to Napoleon, and in the Hundred Days laid out the provisional fortifications of Paris and fought at Waterloo. The best work of his career as a military engineer was done after the second restoration, in reconstructing the old Vauban and Cor montaigne fortresses. For his services he was made a peer of France by Louis Philippe (1832). Haxo, under Marshal Gerard, directed the engineers at the famous scientific siege of Antwerp, when the fortress surrendered after a siege of little more than three weeks (Dec. 23, 1832). He was after this regarded as the first engineer in Europe, and his latter years were spent in urging upon the government and the French people the fortification of Paris and Lyons, a project which was begun in his time and com pleted after his death. He died at Paris on June 25, He wrote Memoire sur le figure du terrain dans les cartes topa graphiques (Paris, N.D.), and a memoir of General Dejean (1824).