HARDYNG or HARDING, JOHN 78-1465), chronicler, was born in the north, and as a boy entered the service of Sir Henry Percy (Hotspur), with whom he was present at the battle of Shrewsbury 0403). He then passed into the service of Sir Robert Umfraville, under whom he was constable of Warkworth Castle, and served in the campaign of Agincourt in 1415 and in the sea-fight before Harfleur in 1416. In 1424 he was on a diplomatic mission at Rome, where at the instance of Cardinal Beaufort he consulted the chronicle of Trogus Pompeius. Umfraville, who died in 1436, had made Hardyng constable at Kyme: in Lincolnshire, where he probably lived till his death about 1465. Under Henry V. Hardyng was employed to investi gate the feudal relations of Scotland to the English Crown. For this purpose he visited Scotland, at much expense and hardship. For his services he says that Henry V. promised him the manor of Geddington in Northamptonshire. Many years after, in he had a grant of £ 1 o a year for similar services. In 1457 there is a record of the delivery of documents relating to Scotland by Hardyng to the earl of Shrewsbury, and his reward by a further pension of £20. It is clear that Hardyng was well acquainted with Scotland, and James I. of Scotland is said to have offered him a bribe to surrender his papers. But the documents, which are still preserved in the Record Office, have been shown to be forgeries and were probably manufactured by Hardyng himself. Hardyng spent many years on the composition of a rhyming chronicle of England. The original edition ending in 1436 had a Lancastrian bias and was dedicated to Henry VI. Afterwards he prepared a version for Richard, duke of York (d. 146o), and the chronicle in its final form was presented to Edward IV. after his marriage to Elizabeth Woodville in 1464.
The version of 1436 is preserved in Lansdowne ms. 204, and the best of the later versions in Harley ms. 661, both in the British Museum. Richard Grafton printed two editions in Jan. 1543, which differ much from one another and from the now extant manuscripts. Sir Henry Ellis published the longer version of Grafton with some additions from the Harley ms. in 1812. See Ellis's preface to Hardyng's Chronicle, and Sir F. Palgrave's Documents illustrating the History of Scotland (for an account of Hardyng's forgeries).