HADFIELD, SIR ROBERT ABBOTT ), British metallurgist, was born in Sheffield Nov. 29, 1858. Edu cated at Sheffield Collegiate school, at an early age he interested himself in metallurgy, subsequently becoming chairman of Had fields, Ltd., Hecla and East Hecla Works, Sheffield, and director of other important companies. In 1883 he patented his process for the production of manganese steel (see IRON AND STEEL) and became famous as the inventor and improver of various metallur gical processes, including low hysteresis steel and many other special ferrous alloys. He became a member of many scientific committees, and was president of the Iron and Steel Institute (1905-07), of the Faraday Society (1914-20), and of the Society of British Gas Industries (1917-18), besides being master cutler of Sheffield 1899-1900. In 1908 he was knighted, the following year became F.R.S., and was created a baronet in 1917. Sir Rob ert received many honours from scientific and learned societies. He published over 16o scientific and technical papers of con siderable importance. His book Metallurgy and Its Influence on Modern Progress: with a survey of Education and Research (1925) is a standard work of reference.