HOLYOKE, a city, Hampden county, Mass., U.S.A., on the Connecticut river, 8m. N. of Springfield. It is served by the Boston and Maine and the New York, New Haven and Hartford railways. The population was 60,203 in 1920 (33-6% foreign-born white) and was 56,537 in 1930 by the Federal census. The city occupies 17 sq.m. in a bend of the river, on the west bank, at the foot of Mount Tom. It is a busy industrial and commercial centre. with a factory output in 1925 valued at $88,325,281 and bank debits in 1926 amounting to $196,335,000. The outstanding products are fine writing and envelope papers, in which it leads all the cities of the United States. Cotton, silk, alpaca and woollen goods also are extensively manufactured, and among the many other products are steam pumps, water wheels and machinery. The assessed valuation of property in 1926 was $117,057,360. The immense water-power from the Connecticut river (which falls 6oft. in 1•5m. just above the city) was not utilized until when a great dam (I f t. long) was completed, a colossal under taking for the time. Before that Holyoke had been a farming village, originally part of Springfield, and after 1774 of West Springfield; and the population in 1850, when the town was incor porated, was only 3,245. By 1870 it had increased to 10,733, and in 1873 the town was chartered as a city. Between 1870 and 1880 the population doubled, and it continued to grow rapidly until 1910.