HUDSON, a city of New York, on the E. bank of the Hudson river, 114m. above New York city, at the head of natural deep water navigation; the county seat of Columbia county. It is served by the Boston and Albany and the New York Central railways, and by river steamers. The population was 11,755 in 1925; 1930 it was 12,337. The city lies on sloping ground, commanding fine views of the Hudson and the Catskills beyond, with the Berkshires a few miles to the east. It is the seat of the State Training school for girls. Its diversified manufactures, including cement, ice tools and conveying machinery, ginger ale, power presses, marine equip ment and knitted goods, in 1925 were valued at $4,924,802. Hudson was named after Hendrik Hudson, who (tradition says) landed here from the "Half Moon," proceeding on up the river by a smaller boat. For many years it was merely a landing, with two crude wharves and storehouses, called Claverack Landing. Some Dutch settlers came in the middle of the 18th century, and in 1783 the place was colonized by an association of merchants and fisher men from Rhode Island, Nantucket, and Martha's Vineyard. The present name was adopted in 1784 and the city was chartered in 1785. It was made a port of entry in 1790, and until the War of 1812 had a considerable foreign commerce and was the base of a large whaling fleet.