JOHN WALTER (2) who really established the great newspaper of which his father had sown the seed, was born on Feb. 23, 1776, and was educated at Merchant Taylors' School and Trinity College, Oxford. He found The Times one of a number of unconsidered journals whose opinions counted for little. He left it in 1847 a great organ of public opinion, deferred to and even feared throughout Europe, consulted and courted by cabinet ministers at home, and in intimate relations with the best sources of independent information in every European capital. On taking over the management in 1803, he signalized the new spirit of the direction by his opposition to Pitt, which cost him the withdrawal of government advertisements and the loss of his appointment as printer to the Customs, and exposed him to the not too scrupulous hostility of the official world. He let the government do its
worst and held on his way. From about 1810 he to others editorial supervision (first to Sir John Stoddart, then to Thomas Barnes, and in 1841 to J. T. Delane), though never the supreme direction of policy. In 1832 Mr. Walter, who had pur chased an estate called Bear Wood, in Berkshire (where his son afterwards built the present house), was elected to Parliament for that county, and retained his seat till 1837. In 1841 he was re turned to Parliament for Nottingham, but was unseated next year on petition. He was twice married, and by his second wife, Mary Smythe, had a family. He died in London on July 28,