WATERTOWN, a town of Massachusetts, on the Charles river. Pop. (192o) foreign-born white) ; 1930 Federal census 34,913. There are two interesting old burying grounds, one of wnich has been in use since 1642, and a number of colonial houses. The town includes mounds and earthworks thought by Prof. E. N. Horsford to be remains of a Norse settle ment of the II th century. The Federal Government maintains one of its principal arsenals at Watertown, occupying ioo ac. along the river. Several of the original low brick buildings (1816-2o) are still in use. The town has numerous and varied manufactures, with an annual output valued at $6o,000,000. Watertown was one of the earliest of the Massachusetts Bay settlements, founded in 163o by Sir Richard Saltonstall and the Rev. George Phillips, and for the first quarter century it ranked next to Boston in popula tion and area. Since then its territory has been greatly reduced.
The first protest in America against taxation without representa tion was made by the people of Watertown, on the occasion of a levy for erecting a stockade fort in Cambridge. The first grist mill in the Colony was established here about 1632, and one of the first woollen mills in America in 1662. Here the Provincial Con gress met from April to July 1775; the Massachusetts general court from 1775 to 1778; and the Boston town meetings during the siege of Boston. For several months early in the Revolution the committees of safety and correspondence made Watertown their headquarters, and from here Gen. Joseph Warren set out for Bunker Hill. Theodore Parker conducted a private school in Watertown from 1832 to