BUGIS, a semi-civilized Muslim tribe, inhabiting the south of Celebes, of Malayan stock, noted for their enterprise as pirates, traders and voyagers. They are particularly liable to the homicidal mania known as "running amok." They have formed settlements in Borneo, in the Philippines and elsewhere and do a large trade in cloth, and are famous for filigree work, for shipbuilding and for the manufacture of arms, as well as for weaving. They use a bow of Asiatic form, and hunt deer on horseback. In spite of their religion, a good deal of animistic belief survives and a shrine is reserved for the sacred objects of the tribe. Their written character resembles that of the Battak (q.v.) and besides translations of the Koran they possess written laws. They were converted to Islam at the beginning of the 17th century by their neighbours and kinsmen, the Mangkassaras, of similar culture, who were themselves apparently converted at some time after the arrival of the Portuguese in 1512. The princes of the Mangkass aras used each to be given a new name after death. (J. H. H.)