BUXTON, municipal borough and health-resort, north Derbyshire, England, on the L.M.S. railway, 36 m. N.W. of Derby. Pop. It is in the centre of the Peak District, and has the reputation of being the highest town in England. It lies between 1,000 and 1,150 ft. above sea-level, in a basin protected by hills of grit and limestone rising to 1,800 ft., whence flows the river Wye on the south-east. The old town (High Buxton) is at a higher level than the new, and con sists of one wide street. The mineral waters of Buxton are tasteless and odourless, and have long enjoyed a great reputation. The waters were known and used by the Romans, but no remains of their baths survive. Roman roads connected the place with Derby, Brough in Edale and Manchester. Buxton (Bawdestanes, Bue-stanes) was probably the "Bectune" mentioned in Domes day. After the departure of the Romans the baths seem to have been long neglected, but have again been frequented since the 16th century, when the chapel of St. Anne acquired fame for the "cures" effected. At the close of the 18th century the duke of Devonshire, lord of the manor, spent large sums of money on improvements in the town. There are numerous public and private baths, open all the year round, for the treatment of nervous diseases, gout, rheumatism, etc. The waters are of two distinct classes : thermal and chalybeate. The thermal waters issue at a constant temperature of 82° F. The Pump Room, pre sented by the duke of Devonshire, contains both thermal and chalybeate springs. Features of note in the town are the Buxton Gardens and the Cavendish Terrace. In the neighbourhood are Poole's Hill, a stalactite cave; Diamond Hill, so called from the quartz crystals in its rocks; and Chee Tor, a 30o ft. cliff on the bank of the Wye. Buxton is an important centre for horse breeding, a large fair being held annually. A Saturday market was granted in 1813. The busiest season at Buxton is from May to October, but the bracing air, low humidity and winter sports ensure growing popularity as a winter resort. The town was made a municipal borough on Jan. 1 1917. It is governed by a mayor, and corporation of 24 members. Area 3,101 acres. For purposes of representation it is included in the High Peak division of the parliamentary county of Derby.