BUZAU, a town of Rumania, capital of the department of the same name, situated near the right bank of the river Buzau, be tween the Carpathian mountains and the fertile lowlands of south Moldavia and east Walachia. Pop. (193o) 36,115. Buzau is im portant as a market for petroleum, timber and grain. It is the meeting-place of railroads from Ramnicu Sarat, Braila and Plo esti. Amber is found by the riverside, and there are cloth-mills in the city. Buzau is the seat of a bishop, whose cathedral was erected in 1640 by Prince Matthias Bassarab of Walachia, on the site of an older church. In the neighbourhood there are many monasteries. Buzau was formerly called Napuca or Buzograd. The department of Buzau is rich in oil, and produces some lignite.