BUCHNER, EDUARD (186o-1917), German chemist, was born at Munich May 20 1860. He was professor at Berlin (1898), at Breslau (19o9) and WUrzburg (1911) . Buchner devoted him self to researches in connection with fermentation and enzyme action. In 1903 he was able to confirm Traube's theory by demon strating that the active cause of alcoholic fermentation is due to the action of different enzymes contained in yeast and not to the yeast cell itself. Concerning the physiological nature and mean ing of fermentation he showed that a ferment (zymase) can be extracted from yeast cells which causes sugar to break up into carbon dioxide and alcohol.
Buchner, who gained the Nobel Prize for chemistry in 1907, was killed in the World War on Aug. 24 1917.