EILENBURG, a town of Germany, in the Prussian province of Saxony, on an island formed by the Mulde, 31 m. E. from Halle, at the junction of the railways 'Halle-Cottbus and Leipzig Eilenburg. Pop. (1933) 19,61o. The industries of the town in clude the manufacture of chemicals, cotton, cigars, celluloid and agricultural implements, etc., and trade in cattle. In the neigh bourhood is the iron foundry of Erwinhof. The castle (Ilburg) is mentioned in records of the reigns of Henry the Fowler as an important outpost against the Sorbs and Wends. The town itself, originally called Mildenau, is of great antiquity. It is first men tioned as a town in 981, when it belonged to the house of Wettin and was the chief town of the East Mark. In 1386 it was incor porated in the margraviate of Meissen. In 1815 it passed to Prussia.