ELIZABETH (Elisabeth Philippine Marie Helene of France) commonly called MADAME ELIZABETH, daughter of Louis the Dauphin and Marie Josephine of Saxony, and sister of Louis XVI., was born at Versailles on May 3, 1764. At the outset of the revolution she foresaw the gravity of events, and refused to leave the king, whom she accompanied in his flight on June 2o, 1792, and with whom she was arrested at Varennes. She was present at the Legislative Assembly when Louis was suspended, and was imprisoned in the Temple with the royal family. By the execution of the king and the removal of Marie Antoinette to the Conciergerie, Madame Elizabeth was deprived of her companions in the Temple prison, and on May 9, she was herself transferred to the Conciergerie, and brought before the revolutionary tribunal. She was condemned to death, and executed on May 1o, The Memoires de Madame Elisabeth (Paris, 1858), by F. de Barghon and Fort-Rion, are of doubtful authenticity ; and the collection of letters and documents published in 1865 by F. Feuillet de Conches must be used with caution. See le Comte A. F. C. Ferrand, Eloge historique de Madame Elisabeth (1814, containing 94 letters; 2nd ed., 1861, containing additional letters, but correspondence mutilated) ; Du Fresne de Beaucourt, Etude sur Madame Elisabeth (Paris, 1864) ; A. de Beauchesne, Vie de Madame Elisabeth (1869) ; La comtesse d'Armaille, Madame Elisabeth (Paris, 1886) ; Madame d'Arvor, Madame Elisabeth (Paris, 1898) ; and Hon. Mrs. Madame Elisabeth of France (1908).