ELIZABETH, a city of New Jersey, U.S.A., the county seat of Union county; on Newark bay, opposite Staten island, with which it is connected by the Goethals bridge (opened on June 20, 1928). It is on the Lincoln highway, and is served by the Balti more and Ohio, the Central of New Jersey, the Lehigh Valley and the Pennsylvania railways. The population was 95,783 in 1920 foreign-born white) and was 114,589 in 1930 by Federal census. Elizabeth combines the character of a residential suburb of New York with that of an important independent industrial centre. It has a vast plant (with 8,000 workers) making Singer sewing-machines, an oil refinery covering 800ac., shipbuilding yards, automobile factories and numerous other manufacturing industries. The total factory output in 1927 was $120,642,986. Elizabethport, the city's harbour on Staten island sound, is a receiving and distributing point for coal from the Pennsylvania anthracite fields. The assessed valuation of property for 1928 was $156,506,487. Elizabeth was settled in 1665 by colonists from Long island, for whom the land had been bought from the Indians and a grant obtained from the agent of the duke of York. But about the same time the duke conveyed the entire province to Lord Berkeley and Sir George Carteret, and the conflicting grants gave rise to a long controversy. The town was named after the wife of Sir George, and was at first called Elizabethtown. It was the capital of the province from 1665 to 1686, and until /790 the legislature sat here occasionally. The first sessions of the College of New Jersey (now Princeton university) were held (1747) in the home of the Rev. Jonathan Dickinson In Dec. 1776, and twice in June 1780, the British entered the town and made it a base of operations, but on each occasion they were soon driven out. Elizabeth became a free town and borough in 1739; the borough charter was confirmed in 1789 and repealed in 1790; and a city charter was received in 1855. Among the historic buildings still standing are Liberty hall (1772), the man sion of William Livingston, first governor of the State; Boxwood hall, the home of Elias Boudinot ; the brick mansion (1742) of Jonathan Belcher governor of the province from 1747-1757; the home of General Winfield Scott ; and the First Presbyterian church (present building erected 1784-86), where in 1668 the first general assembly of the province convened. Several smaller structures (including Hetfield house, built in 1667) date from the 17th century.