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Embrun

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EMBRUN, a town in the department of the Hautes Alpes in S.E. France. It stands 2,854 ft. above the right bank of the Durance. It is 271 m. by rail from Briancon and 24 m. from Gap. Pop. (1931) 1,867. Embrun, the Eburodunum or Ebre dunum of the Romans, was the chief town of the province of the Maritime Alps. The episcopal see was founded in the 4th century, and became an archbishopric about 800. In 1147 the archbishops obtained very extensive temporal rights, and the rank of princes of the Holy Roman Empire. In 1232 the county of the Em brunais passed by marriage to the dauphins of Viennois. In 1791 the archiepiscopal see was suppressed, the region being then transferred to the diocese of Gap. The town was sacked in 1585 by the Huguenots and in 1692 by the duke of Savoy. Henri Arnaud (1641-1721), the Waldensian pastor and general, was born at Embrun. Its ramparts were demolished in 1884. Besides the Tour Brune (11th century) and the old archiepiscopal palace, now government offices, barracks, etc., the chief object of interest in Embrun is its cathedral church, 12th century. Above its side door, called the Real, there existed till 1585 (when it was destroyed by the Huguenots) a fresco, probably 13th century, of the Ma donna, the object of a celebrated pilgrimage. Louis XI. habitually wore on his hat a leaden image of this Madonna, since between 1440 and 1461, he had been, as dauphin, the ruler of this province.

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