BATTERING RAM, FORTIFICATION AND SIEGECRAFT.
BIBLIOGRAPHY.--The works of Ammianus Marcellinus; Arrian; Bibliography.--The works of Ammianus Marcellinus; Arrian; Appian; Julius Caesar; Diodorus; Josephus; Plutarch; Polybius; Procopius ; Tacitus ; Vegetius and Vitruvius. An invaluable book is Mathematici Veteres by Melchisedech Thevenot (162o-92, re published by C. Wescher, Paris, 1869). It contains the works of Apollodorus of Damascus; Athenaeus, a contemporary of Archimedes; Biton; Heron of Alexandria and Philo of Byzantium. Of modern works Etudes sur l'artillerie, by Napoleon III. and Projectile-Throwing Engines of the Ancients, by Sir Ralph Payne-Gallwey, Bt., may be consulted. (J. F. C. F.)