TIJO) (1826-192o), wife of Napoleon III., emperor of the French, daughter of Don Cipriano Guzman y Porto Carrero, count of Teba, subsequently count of Montijo and grandee of Spain, was born at Granada on May 5, 1826. Her mother was a daughter of William Kirkpatrick, United States consul at Malaga, a Scotsman by birth and an American by nationality. Her childhood was spent in Madrid, but after 1834 she lived with her mother and sister chiefly in Paris, where she was educated, like so many French girls of good family, in the convent of the Sacre Coeur. When Louis Napoleon became president of the republic she appeared fre quently with her mother at the balls given by the prince president at the Elysees. In Nov. 1852 mother and daughter were invited to Fontainebleau, and in the picturesque hunting parties the beautiful young Spaniard, who showed herself an expert horsewoman, was greatly admired. Three weeks later, on Dec. 2, the Empire was formally proclaimed, and during a series of fetes at Compiegne, which lasted eleven days (Dec. 19-30), the emperor became more and more enamoured. Early in January he made a formal pro posal of marriage. In a speech from the throne on Jan. 22, he for mally announced his engagement, and justified what was consid ered a mesalliance. The marriage was celebrated with great pomp at Notre Dame on Jan. 3o, 1853. On March 16, 1856 the empress gave birth to a son, who received the title of prince imperial. She was the mirror of fashion for all Europe. By her beauty, elegance and charm of manner she contributed largely to the brilliancy of the imperial regime, and when the end came, she was, as the official Enquete made by her enemies proved, one of the very few who showed calmness and courage in face of the rising tide of revolu tion. The empress acted three times as regent during the absence of the emperor,—in 1859, 1865 and 1870,—and she was generally consulted on important questions. When the emperor vacillated between two lines of policy she generally urged on him the bolder course ; she deprecated everything tending to diminish the tem poral power of the papacy, and she disapproved of the emperor's liberal policy at the close of his reign. On the collapse of the Empire she fled to England, and settled with the emperor and her son at Chislehurst. After the emperor's death she removed to Farnborough, where she built a mausoleum to his memory. The ex-Empress found a faithful friend in Queen Victoria, whose own family bereavements deepened her sympathy with Eugenie. In 1879 her son was killed in the Zulu War, and in the following year she visited the spot and brought back the body to be interred beside that of his father. At Farnborough, and in a villa she built at Cap Martin on the Riviera, she continued to live in retirement, following closely the course of events, but abstaining from all interference in French politics. She died in Madrid on July I1, 1920, while on a visit to the queen of Spain, who was her favourite god-daughter.