GABELSBERGER, FRANZ XAVER in ventor of the German system of stenography, was born on Feb. 9, 1789, at Munich. His system was tested at the first session of the Bavarian estates in 1819, and he was placed in charge of the stenographic reports of the Bavarian Chamber. His system is explained in his Anleitung zur deutschen Redezeichenkunst oder Stenographie (1834; new ed. 1900), and Neuen Vervollkom mungen der deutschen Redezeichenkunst (1843 ; new ed. 1904) (see SHORTHAND: Foreign Shorthand Systems). Gabelsberger also invented a calculating machine.