ZOG 1, AHMED (1895– ), King of the Albanians, was head of the Zogolli, one of the four ruling families of the Mati district and was educated at a military school at Monastir and in Constantinople. He first distinguished himself as a supporter of the prince of Wied in 1914. During the World War he fought for the Austrians. He became minister of the interior (Jan.–Nov. 1920), and organized resistance to the Yugoslav incursions during the autumn. He was commander-in-chief of the national forces under the "Sacred Union" cabinet (Oct.–Dec. 1921), and again distinguished himself against the Yugoslays. As minister of the interior in Djafer Ypi's cabinet (Dec. 1921–Dec. 1922), he sup pressed a serious insurrectionary movement in March 1922, and disarmed the lowlanders. Becoming prime minister, Dec. 1922, he governed with ability, pursuing a sound anti-irredentist and con structive policy. Towards the end of 1923 he was accused by
the Democratic party of obstructing various progressive and agrarian reforms. Following an attempt upon his life he resigned in Feb. 1924, but his influence remained. A revolt against him and his colleagues took place in June, and he sought refuge in Yugoslavia. But skilfully turning to his advantage Yugoslavian policy, he returned to Albania in Dec. 1924 and ousted his suc cessor, Archbishop Fan Noli. His election as president of the Albanian republic on Feb. 1, 1925, ushered in a period of internal tranquillity. He was proclaimed king at Tirana on Sept. 1, 1928. On April 27, 1938, he married Countess Geraldine Apponyi of Hungary; a son being born to them on April 5, 1939. Three days later, on the Italian occupation of Albania, the King and Queen became exiles. (See ALBANIA.) ( J. SW.)