The territories of the last-mentioned prince are 1 comprised under the following divisions :-1. The', provinces of Jhalawan and Sarawan, and the district; of Kelat. 2. The provinces of Mukran and Lus. S. The province of Kutch Gundava and district of Hurrund Dajel. 4. Kohistan, or the Belooche country, west of the desert. 5. The desert. 6. The province of Sinde. • The features of this extensive tract of country vary considerably; but, in general, it may be de scribed as extremely mountainous. A stupendous "range, to which the appellation of the Brahooick mountains has been assigned, and which seems to be the primitive root of all the others, springs abruptly to a conspicuous height out of the sea, at Cape Mo waree (or Monze), in north latitude 25°, east longi tude 66° 58', whence it takes a north-easterly direc tion for 90 miles. There it projects a ridge, east by north, the base of_which is washed by the river In dus, at the fort of Sehwan. From the separation of this arm, in latitude 45' to that of SO°, the pri mitive body runs due north, marking the western limits of Sinde, Kutch-Gundava, and a part of See weestan ; and from thence it once more regains its original inclination to the north-east, and decreases in magnitude and elevation so rapidly, that, in the _ course of 40 miles, it sinks to a level with the hills inhabited by the Kaukers and other Afghan tribes, with which it becomes incorporated. To the west ward, the Brahooick mountains send forth many collateral chains, some of which extend the whole length of Beloochistan, andjoin the mountains of Persia ; others elongate southerly till they touch the sea, or come within a few miles of it, and then either take the inclination of the coast, or subside in the low and barren plains in its vicinity ; while the nplin body, or its western face, stretches away north-west by north, to the 28th degree of north latitude, where it meets the south-eastern cor ner of the sandy desert, about the 64th degree of east longitude ; and from thence it inclines with a northern aspect, between the north-east and north points of the compass, to Nooshky, in- latitude 80°. north; from which place it runs more easterly, till at length it gradually sinks, like the eastern front, to a size of equality with the Afghan hills. Besides the Brahooick chain, there are several other ranges of mountains, extending in %talk:oils directions and ra. mifications throughout Beloochistan, but all of thein inferior to the former in magnitude and height. This stupendous chain is believed to have attained its greatest altitude at Kelat ; from which city, accord ing to the natives, whatever route he may pursue, a traveller must descend ; but the descent is so very trifling, for a long way on either side of that capital, that it is not perceptible by the eye. Throughout the whole of this country, there are no rivers of such size or importance as to merit particular notice. In general, they have a broad and deep channel from the coast,. until they reach the mountains or stony hills, where they become contracted into nar row and intricate water-courses, that are quite dry during the greater part of the fair season ; and, in the wet one, swell to terrific torrents, which run off in the course of a few hours after the rain that has filled them ceases.
The principal city of this country is Kelat, the capit,a1 of the whole of Beloochistan. This city stands on an elevated site, on the western side of a well-cultivated plain or valley, about eight miles long and two or three broad; a great part of which is laid out in gardens and other inclosures. The town is built in the form of an oblong square, three sides of which are encompassed by a mud wall, 18 or 20 feet high, flanked, at intervals of 250 paces, by bastions, which, as well as the wall itself, are pierced with numberless loop-holes for matchlock-men. The defence of the fourth side of the city is formed by the western face of the hill, on which it is partly built, being cut away perpendicularly. On the sum mit of this eminence stands the palace of Muhmood Khan, chief of Kelat, and nominal Beglerbeg of Be loochistan, commanding a distinct view of the town and adjacent country. That quarter of the hill on which the khan's residence is erected has been in closed by a mud wall, with bastions ; the entrance to it is on the south-western side ; and here, as well as at the city gates, which are three in number, there is constantly a guard of matchlock-men.
Within the walls, there are upwards of 2500 houses, and the number of those in the suburbs probably exceeds one-half of that amount. These houses are built of half-burnt brick, or wooden frames, and plastered over with mud or mortar. In general, the streets are broader than those of native towns, and most of them have a raised pathway on either side, for foot-passengers, and an unctivered kennel in the centre ; the latter of.which is a great nuisance, from the quantity of filth thrown into it, and the stagnant rain-water that lodges there. The upper stories of the houses frequently project across the streets, and thereby render the part beneath them gloomy and wet. This seems a very rude attempt to imitate the bazars of Persia and Caboul. The bazar of Kelat is extensive, and well furnished with every kind of goods; all the necessaries of life may be procured daily at a moderate price. The town is supplied with delicious water from a spring in the face of a hill on the opposite side of the plain, whence it me anders nearly through the centre of it, having the town and suburbs on one side, and on the other the gardens. It is a remarkable property of this spring, that the waters, at their immediate issue from the smaller channels, possess a considerable degree of tepidity, until after sun-rise, when they suddenly be come exceedingly cold, and remain so during the day.
We have no data from which we can form an ac curate computation of the total amount of the po pulation of Beloochistan. The inhabitants are di. vided into two great classes, distinguished by the appellations of Belooche and Brahooe; and these two are again subdivided into an infinite number of tribes, which it were tedious and unnecessary to enumerate. The most remarkable distinctions be tween these two classes consist in their language and appearance. The Belooche, or Beloocheekee language partakes considerably of the idiom of the modern Persian, although greatly disguised under a singularly corrupt pronunciation. The Brahooekee, on the other hand, has nothing analogous to the Persian idiom. It appears to contain a great num ber of ancient Hinduwee words, and, as it strikes the ear, bears a strong resemblance to the dialect spoken in that part of India called the Punjaub. With regard to external appearance, the contour of these two classes seems to differ, in most instances, as much as their language. The Belooches, in ge neral, have tall figures, long visages, and raised fea tures; the Brahocks, on the contrary, have short thick bones, with round faces and fiat lineaments.
The Belooches are handsome active race of men, not possessing great physical strength, but inured to changes of climate and season, and ca pable of enduring every species of fatigue. In their habits they are a pastoral• people, and much addict ed to predatory warfare, in the course of which they do not hesitate to commit every kind of out rage and cruelty. The lawless excursions in which they frequently engage are called Chupaos, and are almost always conducted under the immediate or ders of their chiefs. The depredators are usually mounted on camels, and furnished with food and water, according to the distance they have to go. When every thing is prepared, they set off, and march incessantly till within a few miles of the point where the chupao is to commence. and then halt in a jungul, or some unfrequented spot, to rest their camels. On the approach of night they mount again ; and as soon as the inhabitants have retired to repose, they begin their attack by burning, de stroying, and carrying off whatever conies in their way. They never rest for one moment during the chupao, but ride on, at the rate of eighty or ninety miles a day, until they have loaded their camels with as much pillage as they can possibly remove. If practicable, they make a circuit, which enables 6 them to retdrn by a different route from the obe they came. This plan affords them a double pro spect of plunder, and also tends to mislead those who go in pursuit of the robbers.