In others of the extensive varieties of cotton cloths of British manufacture, some are avowed of the manufactures of Iiindostan, whilst others pro fess no such imitation. Very few among the manu factures of Lancashire are either distinguished by Indian names, or copied from Indian cloths, although some of great extent are directly so. Calicoes, cos sacs, and jaconets, for printing, as well as Ballusore, Bandana, and Pullicate handierchieth, are amongst the leading articles of the latter description ; whilst amongst the latter may be classed the very extensive manufactures of corduroys, thicksetts, velveretts, velveteens, in although their origin is also probably Asiatic, but because well known and manufactured by the Genoese, French, and other European na tions, before the discoveries of De Gama, and other mariners, had first laid open the maritime in tercourse with India by the Cape of Good Ilope.
When, at a period infinitely mere recent, the splendid invention of spinning cotton by the sgency of machinery, to any degree of fineness, afforded new scope to the British weaver, the imitation of the lighter Indian fabrics fell chiefly into the hands of the Scottish weavers • for executing which, they had been, in a considerable degree, previously prepared, by their habits of weaving lawns in imitation of the French, as well as their lighter fabrics of silk and thread gauzes. To their share, in consequence, fell the bouks, mulls, and japuns, almost exclusively ; as well as the lighter *inlets, designed for ornament, from the needle and sanabour frame. And whilst they have made no successful attempt to compete with their Lancashire brethren an the dame fabrics of corduroys, quiltiugs, and other ponderous ash. cles, they have abased with them •the manufacture of the middling textures of cambric., Pullicates, and ginghams. • Indeed, whatever p 'on may, at an early period, have existed in our of the real Indian fa brics, it has new so entirety .subsided, as to possess no influence whatever in army* general opinion. The British workmanship has proved itself long 5go so decisively superior to the Indian, both in aphaateg and weaving, as to eradicate every doubt is the minds of all who are really compete* to decide the question of comparative superiority. Still, however, candour will compel us to allow, that the Indian posy mans advantages in the rich qualities of his cotton, and the brilliancy of some of his dyes, which, is some degree, compensate for the human* superiori ty of the British skill and•machinery, and which, to those who examine superficially, may appear to esti.; tie him to the preference.
British muslin. are folded generally to a yard in with a small allowance for extra measure; and m the &klieg is alternately from right to left, e.very,part can be nostsedy manined upon a table or
counter, •every fold -opening es easily as the leaves of a book, in its mom state. The piece, when folded. is reduced by ,da*liag it langitediaally.to about 19 inches, sad it is then -41&d across to the imeadth of elm* 18 imams. An ordinary. sized trunk, 49 x inches, thus contains three layers Of pieces ; in which package, goods for exportation to the colonies are' generally packed; the trunk there forming an article of merchandise as much in general demand as the marlins which it contains.
Even the Indian ornaments of gilt silver threads, which were at first woven into one end of each piece, although they did sot exceed the value of twopence each, have been either greatly curtailed, or totally given up upon principlesof economy. Ewen the cost of this trivial ornament has been computed to have amounted annually in Glasgow and Paisley to about L 30,000.
Pullicate, and other handkerchiefs, are most com monly folded up in dozens. Per the African, sad some other foreign trades, pieces containing only eight handkerchiefs are preferred. These are still imitations of Indian precedents, confined to markets where competition continues to exist, not only with the British -Company, but with Americans, and others trading to A species of pale orange coloured India handkerchief, distinguished by the name of Madras, being in extensive reputation in the Caracoas, and ether Spanish settlements is South America, at the period of the capture of Trinidad in 1795, patterns were procured by some British traders, who ordered very large quantities to be ma nufactured in Scotland, of the same quality and ait pearance. With such effect were these imitated in texture, in dye, in finishing, arid even is the pack ages, that some hundreds of pieces emit le Leaden forexportation were actually mired at the Custaa House, as Lodi; goods, either illegally imparted, at stolen from come of the Company's ships an the h. vet. A scrutiny, however, clearly ascertained that these goods were not Indian, but British ; and that no ereepass -against either the "Avner. or the pmparty of the Company bad been wen attempted. The goods -were of course released, and permitted to proceed to their destination, where, after exeunt tine and Wed, it was found totally unneceosary longer to conceal their reel origin, and a very extensive trade, through direct cbseaels, has been since car ried on for similar goods.
From the above general and cursory sketch, it, will be obvious that the management elm extensive' calendering establishment will require, on the part' of its conductor, net only a competent knowledge and experience of the mechanical operations, and duties of his particular profession, but that a more extensive mercantile acquaintance with the demands, habits, and tastes -of particular markets, will conduce equally to his own interests, and thole of his employ em. From the varieties. of markets, and fleeter time of -mercantile transactions, there can be no pre cise or definite limit to the extent of such know ledge. It is only by constant attention and fah leas inquiry, that he can preserve in what is liable to ,almost daily •thsage. Bis immediate employers will, no doubt, be often both able sad de sirous to supply him with this. But, as eves they coat sometimes be liable to ester or deception, he ought to omit no opportunity of extending his intrilieh and striving, as sandy as he tan, at thinnest mo paebassive and unambiguous begonias.