The interior drainage of the fens is reamed prin. eipally by mills; one or two steam-eaginee been erected for that purpose, and will probably answer better. There is a large tract of meadow land at Babraham, which has been irrigated from the time of Queen Elizabeth, and is supposed to be one of the oldest instances of this mode of improving land in the kingdom ; it was first irrigated by Pallaviciao, who was Collector of Peter's Pence at the death of Queen Mary, and who, turning Protestant, applied the money thus obtained to the purchase and grip. time of this estate. The practice, however, thee* .evidently beneficial, has extended very little. Near Denver sluice, on the Ouse, some land has bees werpea by letting the muddy water of that river upon it, and then throwing it back by means of a This is by no means a manufacturing county. At Ely there is a pottery liar coarse ware; and at dill city, Chancels, and Cambridge, excellent white beide are made. Lime and chalk are I some of coesider• able trade and profit; the lime in the greatest ese. matron its that which is burnt at Reich. At Cheer hinton, at the foot of the aogniageg IiiW, era Po chalk pits, noted for the manne redacting tigy curtain, and for the many Dare plants growing is their vicinity. Elephants' grinders, and other ani mal remains have been found in a grind pit new Cheatesiord, and a small tortoise in Sat, at Wes. On the borders of Neefelk, a little yara is elm ix the Norwich weevers. Malt is made to a consider able amount in the aorth-west part of the nasty. There are sensed mills for preparing oil *Male and rape-seed, at Wittdelotel, Sawston, &e., and a pretty extensive paper manufactory at the ling place. Near is annually held one die fairs in England.; it is called titourbridge w Sturbleh fair, and is under the jurisdiction el the university. It begins September the ieth, and lase a fortnight; it has, however, been declining for may years. • A very curious example, and naquestionably see of the oldest in the kingdom, of Saxon architecture, occurs in the ramming of the conventual church of Ely. This building is undoubtedly of as snip the as the tenth century, having been •0.00 in the of King Edgar. The two transepts ef liy dral, steed specimens of the more marl kiad ca of architecture introduced by the Normans; they were built towards the end of the elorseth century. St Sepulchre's church at Cambridge, affords a owl. ors specimen of that species of architecture wild was introduced into this country, in Mikados of the church of the Holy Sepulchre at Jeresalene it is supposed to be the oldest of this Ibsen in &Oat and to have been built in the reign of Henry 1. There are some instances is this county of the poni ed arch, enriched with Saxon mouldettilis style was the immediate fbrerunaer of the C»thic- S. ham Church, the south door way of fit Gibe is Cambridge, and the north and loath doer weep of St Mary's Church in Kly, are specimens of this op cies of architecture. Oae of the most ancient build ings in this county, is which the pointed arch ;ode its appearance, is the great Tower at the west yea of Ely Cathedral, and the south transept adjoining; they were erected between 1174 and 1189. Some
traces of Saxon architecture may be observed in this part of the cathedral. The early or simple Gothic may be seen in the vestibule at the west end of Ely cathedral, in Jesus College Chapel, Cambridge and in the chancels of Poston, Kennett, and Cherry hinton churches. Of the Gothic architecture of the fifteenth century, especially in the reign of Xing Henry VII. which was distinguished by the abundance of its rich tracery, the finest and most perfect example is found in the magnificent chapel of King's College in Cambridge.
By returns made to the Beard of Agriculture hi the year 1804, it appears that the poor-rases rose between 1790 and 2808 from 4a. 11d. to 5s. Std in the rend ; the expence of legislating them from Easter 1802 to Exeter 1808, lammed to the sum of L.50,954, 14e. 11d. in the year ending the- 25th of March 1815, the parochial rates in 181 parishes amounted to the sans of L.68,85@, IS& ; 44 par ekes had made no 'keen..
In the year 1877, the *inter of peewits charged in this county to a pell.tax, from which the clergy, &fiches, and paupers were exempted, ins 27,850; but it seems doebtfid whether it was exclusively of the town of Cambridge and city of Ely, in each of which 1722 persons were taxed. If they were taxed separately, the total number in the county *add be 80,7944 In the year 1700, there are supposed to have been 76,000 inhabitants : and, in the year /750, 72,000. By the returns• made seder the net of Parliament, for ascertaining the population (Willie kingdom, in 1800, there were then 16,451 houses in Cambridgeshire, of which 16,189 were inhabited. The total number of inhabitants is stated to be 89,346, of whom 44,081 were males, and 45,265 fe males. Of this total number, there Were 25,045 principally employed is rtgrieultere ; and 11,988 in trade, manufactures, and handicrafts. The renew ing is the result of the population returns in 1811 : It will be observed that, in the year 1800, theta were 1184 more females than males in this county, whereas, in the year 1811, there were 403 more males than females.