He left a son by his first marriage with Mlle Bet.
tinger, the Count de Fourcroy, an officer of artillery, who was afterwards killed in the campaign of 1813 in Saxony, and a daughter, Mad. Foucaud. By his second marriage, with Mad. Belleville, the widow of M. de Wailly, lie had no children. His two maiden sisters also survived him, by no means in a state of affluence, and they received great kindness from his friend and assistant Mr Vauquelin. His place at the Institute was very ably filled by Mr Thenard ; Mr Laugier succeeded him at the Museum, and Mr Gay Lussac at the Ecole Polytechnique.
The chief of Mr de Fourcroy's separate publica tions are, 1. Essai sur les maladies des artisans. 12. Paris, 1777, translated from Ramazzini. 2. Analyse chimique de Perm sulfureuse d'Enghien, par Fourcroy et Laporte, 8vo. 1778, applying the recent discoveries on the nature of gases to the contents of this water. 3. Legons ilementaires d'histoire naturelle et de chimie. 2 vols. 8vo. 1782. 5 vols 8vo. 1789, 1794 ; afterwards translated by Nicholson. 4. Memoires et observations de chimie. Sve.1784; a collection of memoirs intended as a sequel to the elements; most of them had been read to the academy before the author was a mem ber, and destined for the Memoires des Savans Dram. ger: ; they relate to the metallic carbonates, to de tonations, to tests for water, to combustions in a stream of oxygen, and to the properties of several saline and metallic substances, with a useful intro. duction on the mode of conducting chemical expe riments. 5. An edition of the Entomologia Parisi ensis of Gesfroy. 2 vols. 12mo. 1780 ; extracted from Geoffroy's larger work,. with the addition of 250 new species. 6. L' Art de connaitre d d'employer les miclicamens dans les maladies. 2 vols. 8vo. 1785. 7. Mithode de nomenclature chimique, par de Morveau, Lavoisier, Berthollet, et de Fourcroy. 8vo. 1787. 8. Essai sur le phlogistique et les acides. 8vo. 1788; 'from the English of Kirwan. 9. La Medecine eclair& par les sciences physiques. 4 vols. 8vo. 1791, 1792 ; a collection of papers, with some original essays by the editor. 10. Philosophic chimique, ou verites finda. mentales de la chimie modern. 1792, 1796, 1800. Reviewed by Deyeux, Ann. Ch. LVI.; a work which has been translated into almost every European lan guage, including modern Greek. 11. Procedes pour extraire la soude du sel marin. 4to. 1795. 12. System de connaisances chimiques. 10 vols. 8vo. 5 vols. 4to. 1800. This vast collection of chemical information was written from beginning to end in the space of eighteen months, during an interval of leisure from public business. Rev. Ann. Ch. XXXV I. XXX VII. Translated by Nicholson. 13. Tableaux synoptiques de chimie. folio, 1800, 1805. 14. Abregi de chimie, pour l'usage des ecoles veterinaires. 15. Chimie pour les Dames, in the BibliotUque des Dames.
Besides his separate works, Mr de Fourcroy was the author of more than 160 Memoirs, printed in dif ferent publications, the principal of which it will be sufficient to enumerate in a very cursory manner, adding a few of Dr Thomson's able criticisms on the respective articles. The most important of his later
researches were published jointly in his own name and in that of his pupil Vauquelin; and it is sup posed that the processes were generally conducted and often suggested by Vauquelin, but that the in.
vestigations were set on foot and directed, and the results described and methodized, with inferences and theoretical reasoning, by Fourcroy.
16. In the Memoirs of the Academy of Sciences, we find an Anatomical history of the tendons and their mucous capsules, 1785, 1786, 1787. 17. On the smoking oil of vitriol of Saxony, and the concrete salt obtained from it, 1785: modifications of the sulfur ous acid. 18. On hepatic gas, 1786. 19. Report on a sand from Peru containing copper. 20. On azote, and its production in animals, 1787. 21. On detect ing lead in wines, 1787. 22. On combustions in the ozymuriatic acid, 1788. 23. On metals precipitated bu ammonia, 1788. 24. Experiments on animal sub stances made at the Lyceum, 1789. 25. On a liver changed by putrefaction, 1789, 26. On the colours derived by vegetables from oxygen, 1789. 27. On an ore of lead from Roziers, 1789. 28. On the sul fate of mercury, and on triple ammoniacal salts, 1790. 29. On the formation of the nitric acid by the action of the oxyd of mercury on ammonia, 1790. 80. On the combustion of hydrogen in close vessels, by Four croy, Vauquelin, and Skguin, 1790. SI. On barite and strontia, Mew. Inst. Vol. II. 1797. 82. On phosphate of lime and on phosphorus, Ib. 33. On the urinary secretion in horses and in the human subject, lb. 34-36. On urinary calculi, with two more memoirs on the secretion, IV. 1803. 87. On the nitrous oxyd, by Fourcroy, Vauquelin and Thenard, VI. 1806. 38. On cow's milk, lb. 39. On the guano, used as a manure in the South Sea Islands, lb. 40. On ta &sheer, Ib. 41. On the chemical nature of carious wheat, Ib.; the change is supposed to depend on an alteration and depravation of the gluten. 42. On a detonating substance obtained from indigo, lb. 43. On animal substances treated by nitric aced. Ib. 44. 45. Two memoirs on -crude platina and a new metal found with it. 46. On the effects of germination and fermentation on corn and pulse, VII. 1801. 47. In the Memoirs of the Royal Society of Medicine for 1782-3-4, Par. 1787, we find a valuable memoir On the Muriate qfLime, p. 267, which the author seems to have been one of the first to introduce in such cases as had usually been benefited by sea water. 48. On morbid changes in some of the Animal Fluids, p. 488. 49. On the nature of muscular fibres, and on the seat (f irritability; showing the analogy of muscular fibre to the coagulable lymph of the blood, and observing that Borden had very properly called the blood a fluid muscle.