JOINVILLE, FRANgOIS FERDINAND PHILIPPE LOUIS MARIE, PRINCE DE (1818-190o), third son of Louis Philippe, duc d'Orleans, afterwards king of the French, was born at Neuilly on Aug. 14,.1818. He was educated for the navy, and became lieutenant in 1836. In 1840 he was entrusted with the removal of the remains of Napoleon from St. Helena to France. In 1844 he conducted naval operations on the coast of Morocco, bombarding Tangier and occupying Mogador, and was recom pensed with the grade of vice-admiral. In the following year he published in the Revue des deux mondes an article on the defici encies of the French navy which attracted attention. By his hos tility to the Guizot ministry, by an affectation of towards Great Britain, he gained considerable popularity. The revolution of 1848 nevertheless swept him away with the other Orleans princes. He hastened to quit Algeria, where he was then serving, and took refuge at Claremont, in Surrey, with the rest of his family. In 1861, upon the breaking out of the American Civil War, he proceeded to Washington, and placed the services of his son and two of his nephews at the disposal of the United States government. Otherwise, he was little heard of until the overthrow of the Empire in 187o, when he re-entered France, only to be promptly expelled by the government of national defence. Re
turning incognito, he joined the army of General d'Aurelle de Paladines, under the assumed name of Colonel Lutherod, fought bravely before Orleans, and afterwards, divulging his identity, formally sought permission to serve. Gambetta, however, arrested him and sent him back to England. In the National Assembly, elected in February 1871, the prince was returned by two depart ments and elected to sit for the Haute Marne, but, by an arrange ment with Thiers, did not take his seat until the latter had been chosen president of the provincial republic. He resigned his seat in 1876. In 1886 the provisions of the law against pretenders to the throne deprived him of his rank as vice-admiral, but he con tinued to live in France; he died in Paris on the 16th of June 1900. He had married in 1843 the princess Francisca, sister of Pedro II., emperor of Brazil, and had a son, the duc de Penthievre, also brought up to the navy, and a daughter Francoise, who married the duc de Chartres.
The prince de Joinville wrote Essais sur la marine francaise (1853); Etudes sur la marine (1859 and 1870) ; La Guerre d' Amerique, campagne du Potomac (1862 and 1872) ; Encore un mot sur Sadowa (Brussels, 1868) ; and Vieux souvenirs (1894).