LOCKROY, EDOUARD (1840-1913), French politician, son of Joseph Philippe Simon (1803-91), an actor and dramatist, who took the name of Lockroy, was born in Paris on July 18, 1838, and died on Nov. 22, 1913. In 186o he enlisted as a volun teer under Garibaldi. The next three years were spent in Syria as secretary to Ernest Renan, and on his return to Paris he embarked in militant journalism against the Second empire in the Figaro, the Diable a quatre, and eventually in the Rappel. He com manded a battalion during the siege of Paris, and in Feb. 1871 was elected deputy to the National Assembly, where he sat on the extreme left. In March he signed the proclamation for the election of the Commune, and resigned his seat as deputy. He sat in the Chamber for various constituencies from 1873 onwards and from 1885 to 1887 he was minister of commerce. For the first ten years of his parliamentary life he voted consistently with the extreme left, but then adopted a more opportunist policy, and gave his unreserved support to the Brisson ministry of 1885. In the new Freycinet cabinet formed in January he held the portfolio of commerce and industry, which he retained in the Goblet ministry of 1886-87. In 1885 he had been returned at
the head of the poll for Paris, and his inclusion in the Freycinet ministry was taken to indicate a prospect of reconciliation be tween Parisian Radicalism and official Republicanism. Lockroy made the preliminary arrangements for the exposition of 1889, and in a witty letter defended the erection of the Tour Eiffel against artistic Paris. After the Panama and Boulangist scandals he became one of the leading politicians of the Radical party. He was minister of marine in successive cabinets, and was a persistent and successful advocate of a strong naval policy, in defence of which he published La Marine de Guerre (5890), La Defense navale (1900) and other works. He also wrote M. de Moltke, ses memoires et la guerre future (1891), Journal d'une bourgeoise pendant la Revolution 0880 and his reminiscences, Au hasard de vie (1912).