Long Island
Long Island, A Fragment Of The North American Conti Nent Extending 118 M. East-north-east From The Mouth Of The Hudson River, U.s.a. It Roughly Parallels The South Shore Of Con Necticut From Which It Is Separated By Long Island Sound (115 M. Long) And Lies South-east Of The Mainland Of ...
Longford
Longford, A County Of The Irish Free State, Bounded North-west By Leitrim, North-east By Cavan, East And South By Westmeath And West By Lough Ree And Roscommon. The Area Is 269,408 Acres, Or About 421 Sq.m. Pop. (1926) 39,831. The Silurian Axis Of Newry Reaches The North Of The County, ...
Longmans
Longmans, A Firm Of English Publishers. The Founder, Thomas Longman (i) (1699-1755), Was The Son Of Ezekiel Long Man, A Gentleman Of Bristol. Thomas Was Apprenticed In 1716 To John Osborn, A London Bookseller. He Married Osborn's Daugh Ter, And In 1724 Purchased The Goods Of William Taylor, The First ...
Longomontanus
Longomontanus (or Longberg), Christian Severin Danish Astronomer, Was Born At Long Berg In Jutland, Denmark, On Oct. 4, 1562. The Appellation Longomontanus Was A Latinized Form Of The Name Of His Birth Place. In He Ran Away To Viborg, Where He Attended The Grammar-school, Defraying His Expenses By Manual Labour, ...
Longus
Longus, Greek Romancer, Author Of Daphnis And Chloe. All That Can Be Said About Him Is That He Probably Lived At The End Of The 2nd Or The Beginning Of The 3rd Century A.d. Even The Name Attributed To The Author May Be A Misreading Of The Title Of The ...
Lophiodontidae
Lophiodontidae, A Family Of Extinct Mammals Occupy Ing A Position Intermediate Between The Tapirs And Rhinoceroses (qq.v.). They Lived In The Eocene Epoch. (see Perissodactyla.) Or A Lake Of Central Asia, In The Gobi Desert, Between The Astin-tagh (altyn-tagh) On The South And The Kuruk-tagh On The North. Previous To ...
Lord
Lord, In Its Primary Sense, The Head Of A Household, The Master Of Those Dependent On Him For Their Daily Bread; The Word Frequently Occurs In This Sense In The Bible, Cf. Matt. Xxiv. 45. As A Term Implying The Ownership Of Property, "lord" Survives In "lord Of The Manor" ...
Lord Chamberlain
Lord Chamberlain, In England, An Important Officer Of The King's Household, To Be Distinguished From The Lord Great Chamberlain (q.v.). He Is The Second Dignitary Of The Court, And Is Always A Member Of The Government Of The Day (before 1782 The Office Carried Cabinet Rank), A Peer And A ...
Lord Great Chamberlain
Lord Great Chamberlain, In England, A Func Tionary Who Must Be Carefully Distinguished From The Lord Cham Berlain; He Is One Of The Great Officers Of State, Whose Office Dates From Norman Times; And The Only One Who Still Holds It Under A Creation Of That Period. As His Name ...
Lord High Chancellor
Lord High Chancellor. The Origin And Early History Of This Official Will Be Found Under Chancellor. The Lord Chancellor Is Not Only Head Of The Judiciary In England, But Also A Minister Of State, Taking Precedence After The Archbishop Of Canterbury. The Close Connection Of The Chancellor And The Chancery ...
Lord High Steward
Lord High Steward. The Lord High Steward Of Eng Land, Who Must Not Be Confused With The Lord Steward (q.v.), Ranks As The First Of The Great Officers Of State. Appointments To This Office Are Now Made Only For Special Occasions, Such As The Coronation Of A Sovereign Or The ...
Lord Steward
Lord Steward, In England, An Important Official Of The King's Household. He Is Always A Member Of The Government, A Peer And A Privy Councillor. Up To I 782 The Office Was One Of Con Siderable Political Importance And Carried Cabinet Rank. The Lord Steward Receives His Appointment From The ...
Lorenzo Lotto
Lotto, Lorenzo (c. 1480-1556), Italian Painter, Was Born In Venice, But In The Earlier Years Of His Life Lived At Treviso. His Two Earliest Authentic Pictures, Sir Martin Conway's "danae" (about 1498) And The "st. Jerome" Of The Louvre, As Indeed All The Works Executed Bef Ore 1509, Have Unmistakable ...
Loreto
Loreto, Episcopal See And Pilgrimage Resort Of The Marches, Italy, Province Of Ancona, 15 M. By Rail S.s.e Of Ancona. Pop. (1931) 1,070 (town), 7,056 (commune). It Lies On The Right Bank Of The Musone, On A Hill-side Commanding Splendid Views Ft. Above Sea-level. The Town Is A Long Narrow ...
Loreto_2
Loreto, The Largest And Most Easterly Department In Peru (approximate 163,283 Sq.m., Est. Pop. [1927] 15o,000), A Partly Undetermined Tract In The Level, Forest-covered Amazonian Plains East Of The Andes, Averaging 500 Ft. Above Sea-level. The Territory North Of The Amazon And East Of The Cordillera Is In Dis Pute ...
Lorient
Lorient, A Maritime Town Of Western France, Capital Of An Arrondissement In The Department Of Morbihan, On The Right Bank Of The Scorff At Its Confluence With The Blavet, 34 M. W. By N. Of Vannes By Rail. Pop. (1931) 38,676. Lorient Took The Place Of Port Louis As The ...
Lorraine
Lorraine, One Of The Former Provinces Of France. The Original Kingdom Of Lorraine Was The Northern Part Of The Terri Tories Allotted By The Treaty Of Verdun (aug. 843) To The Emperor Lothair I., And In 855 Formed The Inheritance Of His Second Son, King Lothair, From Whom The Name ...
Los Angeles
Los Angeles (los Ang' Ge Lez Or Los Ang' Je Lez), A City And The County Seat Of Los Angeles County, In The Southern Part Of The State Of California, U.s.a., Is Situated In 3' N. And Ii8° 14' W. The Situation Of The City Between The Mountains And The ...
Los Islands Islas De
Los Islands (islas De Los Idolos), A Group Of Islands Off The Coast Of French Guinea, West Africa, Lying South Of San Garea Bay, Between 9° 25' And 9° 31' N. And 13° 46' And 13° 51' W., And About 8o M. N.n.w. Of Freetown, Sierra Leone. There Are Five ...
Lostwithiel
Lostwithiel, A Market Town And Municipal Borough Of Cornwall, England, On The River Fowey 3o2 M W. Of Ply Mouth By The G.w. Railway. Pop. (1931) 1,325. Lostwithiel Probably Owed Its Existence To The Neighbouring Castle Of Restor Mel. The Pipe Rolls (1194-1203) Show That Robert De Cardinan. Lord Of ...
Lothair 825 869
Lothair (825-869), King Of The District Called After Him Lotharingia, Or Lorraine, Was The Second Son Of The Emperor Lothair I. On His Father's Death In 855, He Received For His Kingdom A District Lying West Of The Rhine, Between The North Sea And The Jura Mountains, Which Was Called ...
Lothair I 795 855
Lothair I. (795-855), Roman Emperor, Was The Eldest Son Of The Emperor Louis I., And His Wife Irmengarde. Little Is Known Of His Early Life, Which Was Probably Passed At The Court Of His Grandfather Charlemagne, Until 815, When He Became Ruler Of Bavaria. When Louis In 817 Divided The ...
Lothair Ii Or Iii
Lothair Ii. Or Iii. (c. 1070-1137), Surnamed The "saxon," Roman Emperor, Son Of Gebhard, Count Of Supplinburg, Succeeded To Extensive Lands Around Helmstadt In Saxony, On His Father's Death In 1075. Gebhard Had Been A Leading Opponent Of The Emperor Henry Iv. In Saxony, And His Son, Taking The Same ...
Lothian
Lothian. This Name Was Formerly Applied To A Consider Ably Larger Extent Of Country Than The Three Counties Of Linlithgow, Edinburgh And Haddington. Roxburghshire And Berwickshire At All Events Were Included In It, Probably Also The Upper Part Of Tweeddale (at Least Selkirk). It Would Thus Embrace The Eastern Part ...
Lotuko
Lotuko. The Lotuko-speaking Tribes, So Far As They Are Known, Comprise The Lotuko (hitherto Commonly Called Latuka), The Lokoiya And The Lango (q.v.), The Last Named Apparently A Northern Section Of The Originally Shilluk-speaking Lango Of Uganda, Who Have Been Dominated By The Lotuko And Come To Speak Their Language. ...
Lotus
Lotus, A Popular Name Applied To Several Plants. The Lotus Fruits Of The Greeks Belonged To Ziziphus Lotus, A Bush Native In South Europe With Fruits As Large As Sloes, Containing A Mealy Substance Which Can Be Used For Making Bread And Also A Fer Mented Drink. In Ancient Times ...
Loud Speaker
Loud Speaker, A Device For Converting Electric Energy Into Sound Energy, The Strength Of Sound Produced Being Sufficient To Be Audible At A Distance. Loud Speakers Are Generally Used For The Reproduction Of Speech And Music In Rooms, Halls Or The Open Air. Before 1918 The Loud Speaker Consisted Of ...
Louis
Louis, The Name Of Three Kings Of Naples. Louis I., Duke Of Anjou And Count Of Maine (1339-1384), Was The Second Son Of John Ii., King Of France, And Was Born At Vincennes On July 23, 1339. As Duke Of Anjou He Led A Wing Of The French Army At ...
Louis 1872 1931 Loucheur
Loucheur, Louis (1872-1931), French Politician, Was Born At Roubaix On Aug. 12, 1872. After Studying At The Ecole Polytechnique He Began A Highly Successful Career As An Engineer And Contractor. When, In Dec. 1916, Briand Decided To Give Cer Tain Offices To Non-political Men Of High Technical Ability, He Called ...
Louis 804 876
Louis (804-876), Surnamed "the German," King Of The East Franks, Was The Third Son Of The Emperor Louis I. When The Emperor Divided His Dominions Between His Sons In 817, Louis Re Ceived Bavaria And The Neighbouring Lands, But Did Not Under Take The Government Until 825, When He Began ...
Louis I
Louis I., King Of Bavaria (1786-1868), Son Of The Then Prince, Afterwards Duke And Elector, Max Joseph Of Zweibriicken And His Wife, Princess Augusta Of Hesse-darmstadt, Was Born At Strasbourg On Aug. 25, 1786. He Was Educated At Home And At The Universities Of Landshut And Gottingen. Both The Classics ...
Louis I 1326 82
Louis I. (1326-82), Called "the Great," King Of Hungary And Poland, Was The Third Son Of Charles Robert, King Of Hun Gary, And Elizabeth, Daughter Of The Polish King, Ladislaus Lokietek. On July 21, 1362, He Was Crowned King Of Hungary In Succession To His Father. He Engaged In A ...
Louis I 778 840
Louis I. (7;78-840), Surnamed The "pious," Roman Emperor, Third Son Of The Emperor Charlemagne And His Wife Hildegarde, Was Born At Chasseneuil In Central France, And Crowned King Of Aquitaine In 781. His Tastes Were Ecclesiastical Rather Than Mili Tary, The Government Of His Kingdom Was Mainly Conducted By His ...
Louis Ii
Louis Ii., King Of Bavaria (1845-1886), Son Of His Predeces Sor Maximilian Ii. And Maria, Daughter Of Prince William Of Prussia, Was Born At Nymphenburg On Aug. 25, 1845. With His Brother Otto, Louis Received A Simple And Serious Education Mod Elled On That Of The German Gymnasien. Military Instruction, ...
Louis Ii 1506 26
Louis Ii. (1506-26), King Of Hungary And Bohemia, Was The Only Son Of Wladislaus Ii., King Of Hungary And Bohemia, And The French Princess Anne Of Candale. Prematurely Born At Buda On July I, 1506, It Required All The Resources Of Medical Science To Keep The Sickly Child Alive, Yet ...
Louis Il 825 875
Louis Il (825-875), Roman Emperor, Eldest Son Of The Emperor Lothair I., Was Designated King Of Italy In 839, And Was Crowned King At Rome By Pope Sergius Ii. On June 15, 844. In 85o He Was Crowned Joint Emperor At Rome By Pope Leo Iv., And Soon Afterwards Married ...
Louis Philippe I
Louis Philippe I., King Of The French (1773-185o), Was The Eldest Son Of Louis Philippe Joseph, Duke Of Orleans (known During The Revolution As Philippe Egalite) And Of Louise Marie Adelaide De Bourbon, Daughter Of The Duc De Penthievre, And Was Born At The Palais Royal In Paris On Oct. ...
Louis Styles
Louis Styles, The French Decorative And Architectural Styles Generally Current During The Reigns Of Louis Xiii., Xiv., Xv. And Xvi. In All A Vacillation Between The Ideals Of Classic Grandeur And Fantastic, Imaginative Lavishness Is Observable. Louis Xiii. (1610-1643), A Period Noteworthy For The Gradual Change From The Extreme Baroque ...
Louis Vi 1081 1137
Louis Vi. (1081-1137), King Of France, Surnamed "the Fat," "the Wideawake" Or "the Bruiser," Was The Son Of Philip I. And Bertha Of Holland. He Became Associated With His Father In The Government About 1098, And By His Victories Over The English And The Brigands, He Won The Support Of ...
Louis Vii
Louis Vii. (c. Ii2i–i18o), King Of France, Son Of Louis Vi. The Fat, Was Associated With His Father And Anointed By Innocent Ii. In 1131. In 1137 He Succeeded His Father, And In The Same Year Married At Bordeaux Eleanor, Heiress Of William Ii., Duke Of Aquitaine. In The First ...
Louis Viii 1187 1226
Louis Viii. (1187-1226), King Of France, Eldest Son Of Philip Augustus And Of Isabella Of Hainaut, Was Born In Paris On Sept. 5, 1187. Louis Left The Reputation Of A Saint, But Was Also A Warrior Prince. In 1213 He Led The Campaign Against Ferrand, Count Of Flanders; In 1214, ...
Louis Xi 1423 1483
Louis Xi. (1423-1483), King Of France, The Son Of Charles Vii. And His Queen, Marie Of Anjou, Was Born On July 3, At Bourges, Where His Father, Then Nicknamed The "king Of Bourges," Had Taken Refuge From The English. At The Birth Of Louis Xi. Part Of France Was In ...
Louis Xiii 1601 1643
Louis Xiii. (1601-1643), King Of France, Was The Son Of Henry Iv. And Of Marie De' Medici. He Became King On His Father's Assassination In 1610 ; But His Mother At Once Seized The Full Powers Of Regent. She Determined To Bring France Into Alliance With Spain And The Austrian ...
Louis Xiv 1638 1715
Louis Xiv. (1638-1715), King Of France, Was Born At Saint-germain-en-laye On Sept. 5, 1638, The Son Of Louis Xiii. And Anne Of Austria. The Death Of His Father Made The Child Of Five King On May 14, 1643. Power Lay In The Hands Of The Queen Mother And Of Her ...
Louis Xv 1710 1774
Louis Xv. (1710-1774), King Of France, Was The Great Grandson Of Louis Xiv. And The Third Son Of Louis, Duke Of Bur Gundy, And Marie Adelaide, Princess Of Savoy. He Was Five Years Old When Louis Xiv. Died. With The Help Of The Parlement Of Paris The Arrangement For A ...
Louis Xvi 1754 1793
Louis Xvi. (1754-1793), King Of France, Was The Son Of Louis, Dauphin Of France, The Son Of Louis Xv., And Of Marie Joseph Of Saxony, And Was Born At Versailles On Aug. 23, 1754, Being Baptized As Louis Augustus. His Father's Death In 1765 Made Him Heir To The Throne, ...
Louis Xviii Louis Le
Louis Xviii. (louis Le Disire) Louis Stanislas-xavier, Comte De Provence, Third Son Of The Dauphin Louis, Son Of Louis Xv. And Maria Josepha Of Saxony, Was Born At Versailles On Nov. 17, 1755. His Education Was Supervised By The Devout Duc De La Vauguyon, But His Own Taste Was For ...
Louis Of Nassau
Louis Of Nassau Son Of William, Count Of Nassau, And Juliana Von Stolberg, And Younger Brother Of William The Silent, Was One Of The Leaders Of The League Of Nobles Who Signed The Document Known As "the Compromise" In 1566, And Was A Member Of The Deputation Who Presented The ...
Louise Auguste Wilhelmine Amalie
Louise [auguste Wilhelmine Amalie Luise] 181o), Queen Of Prussia, Was Born On March I O, 1776, In Hanover, Where Her Father, Prince Charles Of Mecklenburg-strelitz, Was Field-marshal Of The Household Brigade. Her Mother Was A Princess Of Hesse-darmstadt. In 1793 Louise Met At Frankfort The Crown Prince Of Prussia, Afterwards ...
Louise Of Savoy 1476 1531
Louise Of Savoy (1476-1531), Duchess Of Angouleme, Mother Of Francis I. Of France, Was Daughter Of A Cadet Of The House Of Savoy, Philip, Count Of Bresse, Afterwards Duke Of Savoy, And Of Marguerite De Bourbon. At The Age Of 12 She Was Married To Charles Of Valois, Count Of ...
Louisiana
Louisiana, Popularly Known As The "pelican State," Is One Of The West South Central States Of The United States Of America, Lying On The North Coast Of The Gulf Of Mexico. It Is Bounded North By Arkansas Along The Parallel Of 33° N. ; East By The Mis Sissippi River ...
Louisiana Purchase
Louisiana Purchase, A Large Portion Of The Area Of The West Central Section Of The United States Of America, Pur Chased From The French Republic In 1803. The "louisiana," To Which France Held Explorer's Title, Originally Included The Entire Valley Of The Mississippi (see Louisiana) But That Part Of The ...
Louisville
Louisville The Largest City Of Kentucky, U.s.a., On The Ohio River, 90 M. In A Bee-line S.w. Of Cincin Nati; A Port Of Entry And The County Seat Of Jefferson County. It Is On Federal Highways 31, 6o And 150; Has An Airport ; And Is Served By The Baltimore ...
Louisville A N D
Louisville A N D Nashville Railroad Company Was Incorporated In The State Of Kentucky On March 5, 1850. Almost From The Beginning Its Undertakings Were Profitable And With But Few Reverses It Has Steadily Grown Until At The End Of 1934 This Line Operated 5,051-43 M. Of Road In 13 ...
Lourdes
Lourdes, A Town Of South-western France In The Depart Ment Of Hautes-pyrenees, At The Foot Of The Pyrenees, I 2 M. S.s.w. Of Tarbes On The Main Line Of The Southern Railway Between That Town And Pau. Pop. 8,769. The Origin Of Lourdes Is Uncertain. From The 9th Century Onwards ...
Louse
Louse, A Name Commonly Applied To Small Wingless Insects Parasitic Upon Mammals And Birds And Belonging To The Order Anoplura. They Are Flattened Creatures With Short To 5-jointed Antennae, The Eyes Reduced Or Wanting And The Tarsi 1- Or 2 Jointed With Claws Strongly Developed For Clinging To Their Hosts. ...
Louth
Louth, A Maritime County In The Province Of Leinster, Ire Land, Bounded North-east By Carlingford Bay And Co. Down, East By The Irish Sea, South-west By Meath, And North-west By Mona Ghan And Armagh. It Is The Smallest County In Ireland, Its Area Being 202,731 Ac. Or About 317 Sq.m. ...
Louth_2
Louth, A Market-town And Municipal Borough Of Lincoln Shire, England, On The River Lud, 1411 M. N. Of London By Rail. Pop. (1931) 9,678. Louth Is First Mentioned In The Domesday Record As A Borough Held, As It Had Been In Saxon Times, By The Bishop Of Lincoln, Who Had ...
Louvain
Louvain (flem. Leuven), A Town Of Belgium In The Province Of Brabant, Of Which It Was The Capital In The I4th Cen Tury Before The Rise Of Brussels. Pop. (193o) 38,752. Local Tra Dition Attributes The Establishment Of A Camp Here To Julius Caesar, But Louvain Only Became Important In ...
Louvois
Louvois, Francois Michel Le Tellier, Mar Quis De (1641-1691), French Statesman, War Minister Of Louis Xiv., Was Born At Paris On Jan. 18, 1641. He Was The Son Of Michel Le Tellier (q.v.), Whom He Succeeded As War Minister In 1666. His Talents Were Perceived By Turenne In The War ...
Lovedale
Lovedale, A Mission Station In The Victoria East Division Of The Cape Province, South Africa. It Lies 1,720 Ft. Above The Sea On The Banks Of The Tyumie (chumie) Tributary Of The Keiskama River, Some 2 M. N. Of Alice, A Town 88 M. N.w. By Rail Of East London. ...
Low Temperature Carbonization
Low-temperature Carbonization. By The Low-temperature Carbonization Of Coal Is Understood Its Partial Coking At Temperatures Ranging From 500 To 600° C, With The Con Tain Oils—obtainable To A Much Less Extent Under The High Tempera Tures Above Those Named—as High Even As R,000° Care Some Times Spoken Of As "low-temperatures" ...
Lowell
Lowell, A City Of Massachusetts, U.s.a., 25m. N.w. Of Boston, On The Merrimack At The Mouth Of The Concord; A County Seat Of Middlesex County, And One Of The Principal Manufacturing Centres Of The State And The Nation. It Has An Airport, And Is Served By The Boston And Maine ...
Lowell Institute
Lowell Institute, An Educational Foundation In Bos Ton, Mass. "as The Prosperity Of My Native Land, New England, Which Is Sterile And Unproductive, Must Depend Hereafter, As It Has Heretofore Depended, First On The Moral Qualities, And Secondly On The Intelligence And Information Of Its Inhabitants; I Am De Sirous ...
Lowestoft
Lowestoft, A Municipal Borough, Seaport And Watering Place In Suffolk, England, 1174 M. N.e. From London By The L.n.e. Railway. Pop. (1931) 41,768. In 1086 Lowestoft (lothu Wistoft, Lowistoft, Loistoft) Was A Hamlet In The Demesne Of The Royal Manor Of Lothingland. The Men Of Lowestoft As Tenants On Ancient ...
Loyalists Or Tories
Loyalists Or Tories, In America, The Name Given To The Colonists Who Were Loyal To Great Britain During The War Of Inde Pendence. In New England And The Middle Colonies Loyalism Had A Religious As Well As A Political Basis. It Represented The Anglican As Opposed To The Calvinistic Influence. ...
Lozere
Lozere, A Department Of South-eastern France Belonging To The Central Plateau, Composed Of Almost The Whole Of Gevaudan And Of Some Portions Of The Old Dioceses Of Uzes And Alais,- Dis Tricts All Formerly Included In The Province Of Languedoc. Pop. (1930 101,849. Area, 1,996 Sq.m. It Is Bounded N. ...
Ltd London General Omnibus
London General Omnibus Co., Ltd. This British Joint Stock Company Was Founded In Paris In 1855 And Commenced Operations In London In 1856. The Passing Of The Stage Carriage Act Of 1832 Had Produced A Boom In Omnibus Business And Led To A Congestion Of Many Services. The London General ...
Lubeck
Lubeck, A City And Former State Of Germany. The Province Of Lubeck, North Of The State, Is A Constituent Part Of The Land Of Oldenberg (q.v.). Lfibeck Is Situated On An Arm Of The Baltic Between Holstein And Mecklenburg-strelitz. It Consists Of The City Of Lubeck, The Town Of Travemunde, ...