1900-35 Graph Showing Production of Pig Iron and Ferro-Alloys

The live stock and poultry products of Ohio are of great im portance. The value of the dairy products in 1935 was over $40,000,000. On Jan. 1, 1936, it was estimated that the dairy cattle within the State numbered 1,054,000. The 2,324,00o sheep shorn in 1935 produced 19,986,000lb. of wool valued at 000. In the number of sheep within the State, Ohio ranks first among the States east of the Mississippi river. The chickens raised and the eggs produced had, in 1934, a value of $37,123,609. The live stock on the farms of the State on Jan. r, 1936 consisted Of 2,010,000 cattle, 2,333,000 swine, 2,324,000 sheep, 478,000 horses arid 34,000 mules; their estimated value was Mineral Products.—The mineral wealth of Ohio is well dis tributed both as to products and area. In 1934, bituminous coal, natural gas, clay products and petroleum were the chief products, but the State also ranked high in the production of coke, cement, stone, sand and gravel, lime and salt. The total production was valued at $116,987,662.

The fire-clay mines of Tuscarawas, Jefferson, Columbiana, Stark and Carroll counties supply the raw material for the greater part of the State's pottery, tile and brick industry. The 223 firms engaged in manufacturing clay products, in 1935, had an output valued at $37,574,727 (brick and tile, $18,450,236, and pottery, $19,124,491). The coal-fields, comprising a total area of ro,000 sq.m. or more, are in the eastern half of the State. In 1933, 19,588,763 tons were produced as compared with 20,690,564 tons in 1934 and 20,610,000 tons in 1935. There were in 1935, 27 counties in which coal was produced, but over 9o% of it came from Belmont, Athens, Harrison, Jefferson, Guernsey, Perry and Tuscarawas counties. Natural gas is found in the eastern, central and north-western parts of the State. Most of the fields have been in operation many years but the flow continues strong; the product in 1934 was 50,330,000,000 cu.ft., valued at $25,728,000. In 1896 Ohio produced 23,941,169bbl. of petroleum, or 39% of the total output in the United States; in 1935 it was 4,070,000 bbl. or slightly less than one-quarter of r% of the total output in the United States.

The output of the stone quarries in 1934 was valued at 800. Some of the best sandstone in the country is obtained from Cuyahoga and Lorain counties ; it is exceptionally pure in texture and durable. From the sandstone known as Berea grit, a large portion of the country's grindstones, pulpstones and oil stones is obtained. The quantity of Portland cement made in Ohio has increased steadily since its first production about 1890; in 1934 the output was 3,674,384bbl. valued at $5,565,525.

Other important mineral products with their values in 1934 were: coke, $19,001,895; sand and gravel, $4,134,006; lime, $4,282, 510; salt, $2,721,167; grindstones and pulpstones, $241,682.

Manufactures.

Ohio is pre-eminently a manufacturing State. The output of its factories in 1925 was exceeded in value by those of New York, Pennsylvania and Illinois only. The value of their products increased from $748,670,855 in 1900 to in 1929, then decreased to $3,685,441,642 in 1935, or a decrease of approximately 4o% during the 6 year period 1929-1935. A most notable decline was in the production of motor cars and in the manufacture of motor car tyres. Ohio ranked first of the States in foundry and machine-shop products, rubber tyres and tubes, or namental iron-work and pottery ; and second in iron and steel, motor vehicles and clay products. The most important manufac turing industry is that of iron and steel, established near Youngs town in 1804. The value of the output increased from 256 in 1900 to $574,285,165 (blast furnace, $95,678,488, and steel works and roller mills, $478,606,677) in 1935. The industry second iri importance was the manufacture of rubber tyres and inner tubes for motor vehicles. This industry, in 1935, gave employment to 39,063 wage-earners and had a product valued at $299,321,191. The manufacture of motor vehicles, their bodies i and parts, ranked third in importance ; the industry gave employ ment to 34,861 wage-earners and had an output valued at $272, 793,381. Foundry and machine-shop consisting largely of engines, boilers, tools, stoves and various kinds of machinery, ranked fourth among the State's manufactures; their value in creased from $72,399,632 in 1900 to $180,163,255 in 1935. Elec trical machinery, apparatus and supplies ranked fifth with a product valued at $161,267,421. Other leading manufactures in 1935 were slaughtering and meat-packing ($109,891,813), printing and publishing newspapers and periodicals ($98,998,787), bakery products ($83,952,473), petroleum refining ($68,351,092), paper ($64,256,487), printing and publishing books and job work stamped and pressed metal products men's clothing ($50,268,190), glass chemicals cash registers and other business machines except type-writers non-ferrous metal products except aluminium ($38,707,981), paints and varnishes ($38,685,047), boots and shoes ($38,274,565), coke oven products stoves and furnaces machine tools ($34,022,390).