Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche

Late and slowly the world began, or is beginning to change its mind about "the anti-antichrist," and to perceive that he was not merely "anti"; but that the destroyer of the old tables of values was also a creator of new values. For in Nietzsche, destruc tion was accompanied by creation, wrath by blessing, and his ve hement nay by an equally emphatic yea. His nay was directed at sickness, weakness and decadence, while his yea was for all those healthy instincts slandered and suppressed by the religion and morality up to his day. Nietzsche became the redeemer of these honest and virile instincts, and endeavoured to make their corre sponding lordly virtues contribute to a great vision which he had had of the future. This vision, conceived in ecstasy, he depicted with the versatile talent of a scholar, a musician and a poet, and left to posterity a series of works which bear witness to his pro found morality, and are to be regarded in the highest sense of the word, as religious.

BIBLIOGRAPHY.-Translations:-The

Authorized English Translation of Nietzsche's Works, by Oscar Levy (1909-13, 18 vol.). A selection from the five-volume German edition of Nietzsche's letters, published under the title of Selected Letters of Friedrich Nietzsche (1921) ; Elizabeth Forster-Nietzsche, The Young Nietzsche (Eng. trans. by A. M. Ludovici, 1912), The Lonely Nietzsche (Eng. trans. by Paul. V. Cohn, 1915) ; Daniel Halevy, La vie de Nietzsche (1909; trans lated by J. M. Hone, as The Life of Nietzsche, 1911).

Books about Nietzsche. The number of books written about Nietzsche in various languages is so vast that it is only possible to select a 'few, some of which will be found to take up a critical attitude towards the philosopher:—H. Lichtenberger, La Philosophie de Nietzsche (1898) trans. J. M. Kennedy as The Gospel of the Superman (2nd edition 1926) ; 0. Levy, The Revival of Aristocracy (1906) ; J. M. Kennedy, The Quintessence of Nietzsche (1909) ; M. Mugge, Nietzsche, his Life and Work (1909) ; A. M. Ludovici, Who is to be Master of the World? (19°9) ; A. M. Ludovici, Nietzsche, his Life and Works (Iwo) ; G. Chatterton Hill, The Philosophy of Nietzsche (1912) ; Georg Brandes (trans. by A. G. Chates), Friedrich Nietzsche (1914) ; A. Wolf, The Philosophy of Nietzsche (1915) ; J. N. Figgis, The Will to Freedom, or the Gospel of Nietzsche and the Gospel of Christ (1917) ; W. M. Salter, Nietzsche, The Thinker (1917) ; Charles Andler, Nietzsche, sa vie et sa pensee, 6 vols. (192o-28) ; J. Lavrin, Nietzsche and Modern Consciousness (1922) ; M. Havenstein, Nietzsche als Erzieher (1922) ; Amance, Divinite de Frederic Nietzsche: germe d'une religion d'Europe (1925) ; Jules de Gaultier, Nietzsche (1926) ; Fritz Krokel, Europas Selbstbesinnung durch Nietzsche (1929).

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