Nerac
Nerac, A Town Of France In The Department Of Lot-et Garonne, 16 M. W.s.w. Of Agen By Road. Pop. (1931) 3,264. Nerac In The 11th Century Was A Possession Of The Monks Of St. Pierre De Condom. The Lords Of Albret Deprived Them Of Their Authority And At The Beginning ...
Nerchinsk Mining District
Nerchinsk Mining District (29,45o Sq.m.) Includes All The Silver, Lead And Tin Mines And Gold-fields Between The Shilka And The Argun, Together With A Few On The Left Bank Of The Shilka. It Is Traversed By Several Parallel Chains Of Mountains Which Rise To 4,500 Ft., And Are Intersected By ...
Nergal
Nergal, The Name Of A Solar Deity In Babylonia, The Main Seat Of Whose Cult Was At Kutha Or Cuthah, Represented By The Mound Of Tell-ibrahim. The Importance Of Kutha As A Religious And At One Time Also As A Political Centre Led To His Surviving The Tendency To Concentrate ...
Nero Nero Claudius Caesar
Nero (nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus) (a.d. Roman Emperor 54-68, Was Born At Antium On Dec. 15, 37. He Was The Son Of Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus And Agrippina The Younger, And His Name Was Originally L. Domitius Ahenobarbus. His Father Died When Nero Was Scarcely Three Years Old. In The ...
Nerve
Nerve, Originally A Sinew Or Tendon (cf. "strain Every Nerve") But Now Used For The Conducting Fibres Of The Nervous System In Anatomy And Secondarily As A Psychical Term For Courage Or Firmness And In "nervousness" For The Opposite Quality. Here The Anatomy Of The Nerves Is Dealt With; See ...
Nest
Nest. Nidification Or The Practice Of Making Nests Concerns All That Appertains To The Preparation For The Reception Of Eggs, Or Newly-born Young, And The Subsequent Care Thereof On Emergence. Our Conceptions Of Nidification Are Commonly Derived From Ob Servations On Birds; But Mammals, Reptiles, Amphibia And Fishes, As Well ...
Nestor
Nestor (c. M4), The Reputed Author Of The Earliest Russian Chronicle, Was A Monk Of The Pecherskiy Cloister Of Kiev From 1073. The Only Other Known Fact Of His Life Is That He Was Commissioned With Two Other Monks To Find The Relics Of St. Theodosius, A Mission Which He ...
Nestorians
Nestorians. The Present Article Deals Not With The Life And Doctrine Of Nestorius (q.v.) But With The Eastern Churches Called By His Name. A Christology Of The Kind Usually Called Nestorian Was Eagerly And Successfully Propagated In Syria And Persia By Ibas, Bishop Of Edessa (435) And Barsumas, Bishop Of ...
Nestorius
Nestorius (d. C. 451), Syrian Ecclesiastic, Patriarch Of Constantinople From 428 To 431, Was A Native Of Germanicia At The Foot Of Mount Taurus, In Syria. The Year Of His Birth Is Unknown. He Received His Education At Antioch, Probably Under Theodore Of Mopsuestia. As Monk In The Neighbouring Monastery ...
Net
Net. A Fabric Of Thread, Cord Or Wire, The Intersections Of Which Are Knotted So As To Form A Mesh. The Art Of Netting Is Intimately Related To Weaving, Knitting, Plaiting And Lace-making, From All Of Which, However, It Is Distinguished By The Knotting Of The Intersections Of The Cord. ...
Netherlands
Netherlands. The Netherlands First Became Known To The Romans Through The Campaigns Of Julius Caesar. He Found The Country Peopled Partly By Tribes Of Gallo-celtic, Partly By Tribes Of Germanic Stock, The River Rhine Forming Roughly The Line Of Demarcation Between The Races. The Gallo-celtic Tribes Bore The General Appellation ...
Nethinim
Nethinim, The Name Given To The Members Of A Class Of Assistants In The Service Of The Temple Of Jerusalem. In The Old Testament They Are Specially Mentioned, And Thus Designated, Only By The Compiler Of Chronicles-ezra-nehemiah (3rd Century B.c.). The Name Means "given" Or "dedicated," I.e., To The Temple; ...
Nettle
Nettle, The Common Name For The Plants Of The Botanical Genus Urtica, Which Gives Its Name To The Family Urticaceae. It Contains About 3o Species Found In The Temperate Parts Of Both Hemispheres. They Are Herbs Covered With Stinging Hairs, And With Very Small, Greenish, Unisexual Flowers On The Same ...
Neuchatel
Neuchatel (ger. Neuenburg), One Of The Cantons Of West Ern Switzerland, On The Frontier Towards France. It Is The Only Swiss Canton That Is Situated Entirely In The Jura, Of Which It Occupies The Central Portion (its Loftiest Summit Is The Mont Racine, 4,731 Ft. In The Tete De Rang ...
Neuquen
Neuquen, An Inland Territory Of Argentina On The Chilean Frontier, Between The Colorado And Limay Rivers, With The Province Of Mendoza On The North And The Territory Of Rio Negro On The East And South. Area, 37,245 Sq.m. Pop. (1936) 43,496. The Greater Part Of The Territory Is Mountainous, With ...
Neuralgia
Neuralgia, A Term Generally Used To Indicate Pain Affect Ing A Particular Nerve Or Its Branches From Any Cause. The Exist Ence Of Neuralgia Usually Betokens A Depressed Or Enfeebled State Of Health. It Is Often Found To Affect The Hereditarily Rheumatic Or Gouty. In Weakened Conditions From Improper Or ...
Neurasthenia
Neurasthenia, A Medical Term For Weakness Of The Nervous System. The Symptoms May Present Themselves As F Oh Lows : General Feeling Of Malaise, Combined With A Mixed State Of Excitement And Depression; (2) Headache, Sometimes With The Addition Of Vertigo, Deafness And A Transitory Clouding Of Con Sciousness Simulating ...
Neuritis
Neuritis, A Term Denoting Inflammation Of Nerve Fibres. Two Varieties Are Known, The Localized And The Multiple. The Localized Form Frequently Follows Exposure To Cold And May Attack A Single Nerve. Facial Paralysis (bell's Palsy) Is Commonly Seen Following A Neuritis Of The Facial Nerve. Neuritis May Follow Blows And ...
Neuropathology
Neuropathology, The General Name For The Science Concerned With Diseases Of The Nervous System. For The Anatomy And Physiology, See Nerve, Nervous System, Brain, Spinal Cord And Sympathetic System. The Morbid Processes Affect Ing The Nervous System Are Usually Clinically Divided Into Two Great Groups Of (i) Organic Disease, (2) ...
Neutrality
Neutrality Has Been Defined As The Legal Status Arising From The Abstention Of A State From All Participation In A War Be Tween Other States, The Maintenance By It Of An Attitude Of Im Partiality In Its Dealings With The Belligerent States, And The Rec Ognition By The Latter Of ...
Nevada
Nevada, Popularly Known As The "sagebrush" State, Is One Of The Far Western States Of The American Union. It Lies Between And 42° N. And 114° 2' And 120° W., And Is Bounded North By Oregon And Idaho, East By Utah And Arizona, South And West By California. The Colorado ...
Nevers
Nevers, A Town Of France, Capital Of The Department Of Nievre, 159 M. S.s.e. Of Paris By The P.l.m. Railway To Nimes. Pop. (1931) 29,463. N Oviodunum, The Early Name Of Nevers, Was Later Altered To Nebirnum. Many Medals And Roman Antiquities Found There Show Its Importance When Caesar Chose ...
Neville Or Nevill
Neville Or Nevill, The Family Name Of A Famous English Noble House, Descended From Dolfin Son Of Uchtred, Who Had A Grant From The Prior Of Durham In 1131 Of "staindropshire," Co. Durham, A Territory Which Remained In The Hands Of His Descendants For Over Four Centuries, And In Which ...
New Bedford
New Bedford, A City Of Massachusetts, U.s.a., 56 M S. Of Boston At The Mouth Of The Acushnet River, On An Arm Of Buz Zard's Bay; A Port Of Entry And One Of The County Seats Of Bristol County. It Is On Federal Highway 6, And Is Served By The ...
New Bern
New Bern, A City Of Eastern North Carolina, U.s.a., At The Mouth Of The Trent River, On The Neuse River Estuary; A Port Of Entry And The County Seat Of Craven County. It Is On The Atlantic Coastal Highway; Is Connected By A 12 Ft. Channel With The Inland Waterway ...
New Brighton
New Brighton, Formerly A Village (coextensive With The Town Of Castleton) Of Richmond County, New York, U.s.a., But Since Jan. 1, 1898 A Part Of The Borough Of Richmond, New York City. It Is At The North-eastern End Of Staten Island, About 6 M. S.w. Of The Borough Of Manhattan. ...
New Britain
New Britain, An Island Of The Bismarck Archipelago, Lying East Of New Guinea, In The Pacific Ocean, Between 5° And 6° S., And 15o° E. (german, Neu Pommern; Native, Birara). It Formed Part Of The Colony Of German New Guinea From 1884 (when The German Protectorate Was Declared), Until 1914, ...
New Brunswick
New Brunswick, A City Of New Jersey, U.s.a., The County Seat Of Middlesex County On The Raritan River, The Lincoln Highway And The Delaware And Raritan Canal, 3o M. S.w. Of New York City And 6o M. N.e. Of Philadelphia. It Is Served By The Pennsylvania And The Raritan River ...
New Brunswick
New Brunswick, A Province Of The Dominion Of Can Ada, Lying Between 45° 2' And 48° 3' N. And 46' And 3' W. Its Length From North To South Is 23o M., Its Greatest Breadth 190 M., And It Has A Seaboard Of About 55o Miles. Fold Axis Which Undulates ...
New Castle
New Castle, A City Of Western Pennsylvania, U.s.a., The County Seat Of Lawrence County; 5o M. N.n.w. Of Pittsburgh And 20 M. S.e. Of Youngstown (ohio), On The Shenango River And Federal Highway 422. It Is Served By The Baltimore End Ohio, The Buffalo, Rochester And Pittsburgh, The Erie, The ...
New England
New England. That Portion Of The Eastern Coast Of North America Lying Between The 41st And 45th Degrees Of North Latitude Received Its Name Of New England In 1614 From Capt. John Smith Who Explored Those Shores On Behalf Of The Virginia Company Of English Merchants. Physiographically, New England Possesses ...
New Granada
New Granada (span. Nueva Granada), The Title Under Spanish Colonial Administration Of That Part Of South America Now Known As The Republic Of Colombia, Which At One Time Was Extended To Include Venezuela And Ecuador. It Also Was For A Time The Title Of The United Territories Of Panama And ...
New Guinea
New Guinea, Island, Of Estimated Area 312,329 Sq.m., Stretching From The Equator In The North-west To 12° 5' S. In The South-east And From 13o° 50' E. To 151° 3o' E. ; Sepa Rated From Australia By The Shallow Torres Strait And Arafura Sea. On Its Eastern Side Lies The ...
New Hampshire
New Hampshire, Popularly Known As The "granite State," Is One Of The New England Group Of The United States Of America And One Of The Original Thirteen. The State Lies Between 40' And 45° 18' 23" N., And Between 70° 37' And 37' W. It Is Bounded North By The ...
New Harmony
New Harmony, A Village In Posey County, Indiana, On The Wabash River, About 2 2 M. N.w. Of Evansville. Pop. (1930) 1,022. It Is Served By The Illinois Central Railway. New Harmony Had Its Beginning In 1814-15, When It Became The Home Of A Com Munistic Religious Sect Known Variously ...
New Haven
New Haven, The Largest City Of Connecticut, U.s.a., A Port Of Entry, The County Seat Of New Haven County And The Seat Of Yale University; In The South-western Part Of The State, On Long Island Sound, 72 M. E.n.e. Of New York City. It Is On Federal Highway 1, And ...
New Hebrides
New Hebrides, An Island Group In The Western Pacific, Under French And British Joint Administration. Area About 5,700 Sq. Miles. Pop., Natives About 6o,000, Europeans 882, Other Nationalities 2,440. For Full Account Of Geography, Etc., See Pacific Islands. The Portuguese Pedro Fernandez De Quiros, Sighting Espiritu Santo In 1606, Thought ...
New Jersey
New Jersey, Popularly Known As The "garden State," Is One Of The Atlantic Coast States Of The American Union, Lying Be Tween 41° 21' 22.6" And 38° 55' 4o" N. Lat., And 35' And 73° 53' 39" W. Longitude. It Is Bounded, North By The State Of New York, East, ...
New Jerusalem Church Or
New Jerusalem Church Or New Church, The Community Founded By The Followers Of Emmanuel Swedenborg (q.v.). Swedenborg Himself Took No Steps To Found A Church, But Having Given A New Interpretation Of Scripture, It Was Inevitable That Those Who Accepted His Doctrine Should Separate Themselves And Organize A Society In ...
New London
New London, A City Of South-eastern Connecticut, U.s.a., On The West Bank Of The Thames River, 3 M. From Long Island Sound ; A Port Of Entry And One Of The County Seats Of New London County. It Is On Federal Highway 1, And Is Served By The Central Vermont ...
New Madrid
New Madrid, A City And The County Seat Of New Madrid County, Mo., U.s.a., On The Right Bank Of The Mississippi River, About 35 M. S. By W. Of Cairo, Ill. Pop. (1920) 1,908; (1930) 2,309. It Is Served By The St. Louis Southwestern Railway And By River Barges. The ...
New Mexico
New Mexico, Popularly Known As The "sunshine" State, Is Situated In The South-western Part Of The United States Between 31° 20' And 37° N. Lat., And 103° And 109° W. Longitude. It Is Bounded North By Colorado ; East By Oklahoma And Texas ; South By Texas And The Republic ...
New Orleans
New Orleans, A City Of Louisiana, U.s.a., Situated On The East Bank Of The Mississippi River About 107 M. From Its Mouth. It Was Originally On A Bend In The River And From That Fact Its Popular Name, "crescent City," Was Derived. June . . . . 8o•9 December . ...