Agriculture.—Agriculture on the farms of New Hampshire still working has been greatly modified, the production of vege tables, fruits, dairy products, poultry and eggs largely supplant ing the production of cereals. The total acreage in farms decreased from 3,249,458 in 1910 to 2,115,548 in 1935. The farm acreage was then 36.6% of the total land area. During the same period the number of farms decreased from 27,053 to 17,695, and average acreage per farm from 1204% to 119.6%. The value of all farm property had likewise decreased from $103,704,196 to $66,936,940. Of the total number of farms in the State in (17,695), 16,200 or 91.6% were worked by owners or part owners, 1,284 by tenants and 211 by managers. The total value of all farm crops in 1935 was $22,200,000. Hay was the principal crop; in 1935 the acreage was 388,00o and the yield was 456,000 tons, valued at $5,325,000. Potatoes were the crop second in impor tance, valued at $1,046,000. The yield of fruit in 1934 included 489,44obu. of apples and 538bu. of peaches. Dairying has long been an important industry in New Hampshire. In 1934, the milk production was and the production of butter was 1,324,016 pounds. The value of the poultry and egg product of 1934 was The live stock on the farms of the State on Jan. 1, 1936 included 17,00o horses, 53,00o sheep, 16,000 swine and 125,000 cattle. Potatoes are grown in large quantities north and west of the White mountains ; and this district leads in the number of cattle and sheep.
Forests and Fisheries.—Except on the summits of the higher mountains New Hampshire was originally an unbroken forest of which the principal trees were the white pine, hemlock, sugar maple, yellow birch, beech, red oak and white oak in the south, red spruce, balsam and white birch on the upper mountain slopes, and red spruce, white pine, sugar maple, white spruce and white cedar in the other parts of the north. In the year 1930 the U. S. forest service reported a timberland acreage of 4,435,00o of which 998,0ooac. were in saw timber areas, 694,o0oac. were cordwood, and 2,743,00oac. were stocking areas. Of this total 441,000ac. or 9.94% were owned by the Federal Government and 824,000ac. or 18.58%, by the State counties or municipalities. The forests of the State produced, in 1933, I0I,000,000 board feet of lumber and 78,802 tons of wood pulp.
New Hampshire, with only one coastal county (Rockingham), in 1933 was credited with but •I% of New England's fishery yield. The total yield of her fisheries amounted to 523,4041b. valued at $57,071. Lobsters contributed $48,230, or 84.5% of the value of this yield. Next in importance were haddock ($2,703), hake and smelt ($2,14o).
Minerals.—The most important of the mineral products of New Hampshire, which has long been known as "the Granite State," is granite, which is quarried in the southern part of the State in the area of Lake Winnepesaukee; gneiss, near Concord, Merrimac county, near Milford, Hillsboro county and east of Manchester in Rockingham county; in Sullivan county, near Sunapee; and in the east central region in Carroll county, near Conway and Madison. The value of stone quarried in New
Hampshire in 1934 was or approximately one-half of the total value of all mineral products of the State. Of this total the only other large items were clay products (val ued at $172,162), sand and gravel ($300,253), crude feldspar ($80,733) and mica ($23,952). Mica, first mined at Grafton, Grafton county, in 1803, was later found in other parts of the State in such quantities that for 6o years New Hampshire was the largest producer of mica in the United States.
Manufactures.—The value of the products for all manufac turing industries of New Hampshire combined for 1919, and 1935 were $407,205,000; and $209,384,111, re spectively. The number of industries (1,499; 1,078; and 788) and the number of wage-earners (83,074; and 54,212) showed a corresponding decrease. Textiles, and boots and shoes, which represented in 1923 more than one-half the total value, represented in 1935 approxi mately one-third the total. Cot ton goods, the leading industry for over a century and a quarter since its introduction in the year 1804, now ranks but third. The twenty-two mills engaged in this industry employed 8,359 wage earners and had an output valued at $23,125,522. The manufacture of boots and shoes, now the chief industry of the State, accounted for 66 factories, gave employ ment to 16,668 wage-earners and had a product valued at $61, 486,276. Woollen and worsted goods have also passed cotton goods in importance with 34 establishments producing goods worth $26,433,570. The other leading industries and the value of their product in 1935 were paper ($14,124,221), food prod ucts ($8,226,017), and lumber ($3,808,782). Most of the manu facturing centres of the State are south of Lake Winnepesaukee. An exception is Berlin, the chief manufacturing centre north of the White mountains, important for its manufacture of paper and wood pulp.
Transportation.—With the exception of the Grand Trunk line in the northern part of the State the several steam railways are owned or leased by the Boston and Maine. This company was the first to operate a railway within the State, service being main tained between Boston, Mass., and Dover, N.H., as early as 1842. The steam railway mileage decreased from 1,234 to 1,089 during the years 1925-1934. The electric railway mileage in 1932 was 90. Since the first State highway aid law was passed in 1903, the amount spent by the highway department has increased an nually. A total of $9,113,000 was expended by this department in 1934 for maintenance and construction of the State roads.