New Orleans

Transportation.

Twelve railroad lines enter New Orleans: the Gulf Coast Lines, Illinois Central, Yazoo and Mississippi Valley, Louisiana Railway and Navigation Company, Louisiana Southern, Louisville and Nashville, Missouri Pacific, New Orleans Great Northern, New Orleans and Lower Coast, Southern Pacific, Southern Railway and the Texas Pacific. New Orleans owns and operates a Public Belt railroad, extending the length of the docks. The Federal Barge line supplies freight service to points on the Mississippi and Warrior rivers.

Commerce, Industry and Municipal Statistics.

The Mer chants' Progressive Association of 1898 and the Progressive Union, which succeeded it the following year, were the organiza tions leading to the Association of Commerce in 1913. There are 54 bureaux and departments, and the membership is over 5,000. In 1933 there were 482 factories, whose products were evaluated at $74,648,994. The New Orleans Clearing House, organized in i872, cleared $1,434,458,000 in and there were in 1937 five large banks. The growth of the city may be shown by the following Education.—The New Orleans public-school system consisted in 1934 of 81 kindergartens and elementary schools, x x high schools, one vocational school, 19 evening schools, with a day en rolment of 74,839 and an evening enrolment of 9,749. Negroes were educated in separate schools and more in the evening than whites. Educational receipts for 1933-1934 totalled $6,763,52o, of which was raised from local taxes, $2,369,038 secured by sale of bonds, and $987,823 received from the State government. Of the expenses, $3,292,394 went for current needs. There were several private schools in and the Catholic Church has a system of parochial schools, each parish church conducting a school under the direction of the parish priest and, in most cases, taught by nuns. Uniform text-books are used and the classes are graded according to public school standards. There are several preparatory schools among which are Rugby academy, New Or leans academy, Holy Cross college and the Christian Brothers college. The Delgado Trades school was opened, near City park in 1921. The Isidore Newman Manual Training school was founded in 1903 and has a capacity of about boo boys and girls.

Tulane University.—The history of Tulane university dates back to the foundation of the medical college in 1834. It was chartered in 1835 and in the following year issued the first degree in medicine conferred in the South-west. The Constitution of

1845 provided for the establishment of a university in New Orleans, embracing the medical college to which law and academic departments were to be added.

In 1882 Paul Tulane, for many years a merchant in New Or leans, gave liberally for the higher education of "the white young persons in the city of New Orleans." His entire donations reached the sum of $1,050,000. He died at Princeton, N.J., in 1887. In 1884 the board of administrators of the Tulane edu cational fund received from the legislature complete and per petual control of the university of Louisiana. This act was ratified in 1888 and again in the Constitutions of 1898, 1913 and 1921.

Tulane university had a total enrolment of 3,302 in all depart ments during the session of 1935-36, exclusive of the summer school, which numbered 987 more. Its endowment was then ap proximately $1 ,000.000.

Loyola University.—In 1904, the Jesuit Fathers opened a school opposite Audubon park. A collegiate course was added and in 1912 the legislature granted them power to confer "degrees in arts and sciences and all the learned professions, such as are granted by other universities in the United States." Monuments, Public Institutions and Customs.—The Del gado Art museum in City park was established by a gift from Isaac M. Delgado in 1911. There is a nucleus of an art collection containing many works of great merit. The annual exhibition of the Art Association is an important event. The Cabildo houses an important historical museum containing much of interest and value pertaining to the history of Louisiana and New Orleans. The Presbytery, facing Jackson square on the side of the Cathedral of St. Louis, contains a valuable museum of natural history, principally relating to Louisiana. The Confederate Me morial hall contains relics cf the Civil War. It is located on Camp street adjoining the Howard library. The Tulane university museum occupies the entire third floor of Gibson hall; it con tains petrological, paleontological, zoological and anthropological sections. The Art museum in the Tilton Memorial library of Tulane university embraces the Linton-Surget collection of works of art. At Tulane university is the Gates collection of manu scripts, documents and other material relative to Mexico and Central America. This is constantly being added to by the expe ditions and researches of the department of Middle American research, which has a permanent endowment of $300,000.