ORANGEMEN. The Orange Society was formed in Co. Armagh after a battle between Protestants and Roman Catholics at the Diamond. It was at first purely local and defensive. It soon spread from Armagh to other parts of Ulster. Iii the 19th Century large numbers of Ulstermen emigrated to the United States and the British Dominions. Branches were soon estab lished in those countries and are now flourishing. In recent years the Order has made great progress in Britain, especially in South ern Scotland. The name was derived from William III (Prince of Orange) who firmly established the Protestant dynasty in Britain. The Society is founded for the maintenance of Protestantism and contains men (in recent years women) of all political parties. As the Home Rule controversy in Ireland was conducted largely on religious lines, Orangemen sided with the Unionist Party but the Order as an Order has never been political. The most grotesque stories have been circulated about the bigotry of Orangemen, but they are discounted by the fact that every can didate for the Order takes an obligation enjoining toleration and goodwill to Roman Catholics. On notable occasions Orangemen have shown their independence of political parties. The principal anniversary is July 12, when the battle of the Boyne is celebrated.
("man of the woods"), the giant red man like ape of Borneo and Sumatra (Simia satyrus). The reddish colour of the long, coarse hair distinguishes the omias, as the Dyaks call it, from African apes; the arms are such that the ani mal in the upright posture can rest on its bent knuckles. In some races, in the old males, which may stand 51ft. high, there is a large expansion of the cheeks, due to growth of fibrous tissue and producing a broad and flattened type of face. An other peculiarity of the males is the presence of a huge throat sac on the front of the throat and chest, which may extend even to the armpits; although present in females, it does not reach nearly the same di mensions in that sex. More than half a dozen separate races of orang-utan are recognized in Borneo where the red ape inhabits the swampy forest-tract at the foot of the mountains. These apes are comparatively slow and deliberate in their movements; they construct platforms of boughs in the trees, which are used as sleeping-places, and apparently occupied for several nights in succession. Durian, the tough spiny hide of which is torn open with their strong fingers, forms their chief food. They also con sume the mangustin and other fruits. (See PRIMATES.)