OSLER SIR WILLIAM British phy sician, born at Bond Head, Canada, July 12, 1849, was edu cated at Trinity college school, Port Hope, Trinity College, To ronto, and McGill university, Montreal, where he took the M.D. degree in 1872. He studied medicine in London, Leipzig and Vienna and in 1874 was appointed professor of medicine at Mc Gill university. From 1884 to 1889 he was professor of clinical medicine in the University of Pennsylvania, and from 1889 to 1904 professor of medicine at Johns Hopkins university. In 1905 he was appointed regius professor of medicine at Oxford, where he also served as a curator of the Bodleian library, as a delegate of the University Press and as one of the Radcliffe trustees. In 1911 he was created a baronet. Sir William Osler carried out original and valuable researches on the diseases of the spleen and blood and also made eminent contributions to the study of in fections of the heart, of angina pectoris, of malaria and of many minor maladies. Sir William died at Oxford Dec. 29, 1919.
His most important work was The Principle and Practice of Medi cine (1892, latest edition 1920). He also wrote monographs on Cereb ral Palsies in Children (1889) ; and Chorea and Choreiform Affections (1894) ; a volume of essays Aequanimitas 0900 ; and A Way of Life (1913).
end of the Karl-Johans-gade is the Slotspark, crowned with the royal palace (slot). North of the university is the museum of art. The historical museum contains three viking ships, excavated since 1867. The Margaret church was built in memory of the late crown princess of Sweden.
Oslo is a well-planned city and its suburbs are attractive and are growing rapidly. Garden suburbs have been laid out at Ullevaal, where there is the largest municipal hospital in the country, and at Toren, with a science museum dating from 1908. On the east side of the Aker lies the old city of Oslo, with the existing episcopal palace, and an old bishop's palace, in which James VI. of Scotland (I. of England) was betrothed to Princess Anne of Denmark (1589). In the environs are the royal pleasure castle of Oscarshal (1847-52), and the Norwegian national mu seum (1881), containing industrial and domestic exhibits from the various provinces. On Hove& (Head island) are the ruins of a Cistercian monastery, founded in 1147 by monks from Kirk stead in Lincolnshire, England, and burnt in 1532. At Holmen kollen, the famous ski (snow-shoe) races are held in February.
Oslo has two railway stations, the Hovedbanegaard by the Bjorvik, recently enlarged, and the Vestbanegaard by the Pipervik. Regular passenger steamers serve the port from Hull, Newcastle, Grangemouth and London, from Trondhjem, Bergen and the Norwegian coast towns, from Hamburg, Amsterdam, Antwerp, etc. Except for two large shipbuilding yards, most of the manu factories are concentrated in Sagene. They include cotton, wool len, linen and sailcloth factories, sawmills, paper and pulp mills, foundries and engineering shops, brick and tile works, flour mills, biscuits, condensed milk, margarine, oil, soap and tobacco factories, hardware and nail works, glass, gunpowder and chemical works, breweries and distilleries, granite pavement and ice.