WILLIAM CHICHESTER (1813-1883 ) , I st Baron O'Neill, a clergyman, on succeeding to the estates as heir-general, assumed by royal licence the surname and arms of O'Neill; and in 1868 was created Baron O'Neill of Shane's Castle. On his death in 1883 he was succeeded by his son Edward, 2nd Baron O'Neill, who was member of parliament for Co. Antrim 1863-80, and who married in 1873, Louisa, daughter of the 11th earl of Dundonald.
For the history of the ancient Irish kings of the Hy Neill see The Book of Leinster, edited with introduction by R. Atkinson (Royal Irish Academy, Dublin, 188o) ; The Annals of Ulster, edited by W. M. Hennessy and B. MacCarthy (4 vols., Dublin, 1887-1901) ; The Annals of Loch Ce, edited by W. M. Hennessy (Rolls Series, London, 1871). For the later period see P. W. Joyce, A Short History of Ireland (London, 1893), and A Social History of Ancient Ireland (2 vols., London, 1903) ; The Annals of Ireland by the Four Masters, edited by J. O'Donovan (7 vols., Dublin, 1851) ; Sir J. T. Gilbert, History of the Viceroys of Ireland (Dublin, 1865), and, especi ally for Owen Roe O'Neill, Contemporary History of in Ireland, 1641-1652 (Irish Archaeol. Soc., 3 vols., Dublin, 1879) ; also History of the Irish Confederation and the War in Ireland (Dublin, 2882) ; John O'Hart, Irish Pedigrees (Dublin, 1880 ; The Montgomery MSS.
"The Flight of the Earls, 2607" (p. 767), edited by George Hill (Belfast, 1878) ; Thomas Carte, History of the Life of James, Duke of Ormonde (3 vols., London, 1735) ; C. P. Meehan, Fate and Fortunes of Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone, and Rory O'Donel, Earl of Tyrconnel (Dublin, 1886) ; Richard Bagwell, Ireland under the Tudors, with an Account of the Earlier History (3 vols., London, 5885-90) ; J. F. Taylor, Owen Roe O'Neill (London, 1896) ; John Mitchell, Life and Times of Hugh, Earl of Tyrone, with an Account of his Predecessors, Con, Shane, Turlough (Dublin, 1846) ; La O'Clery, Life of Hugh Roe O'Donnell (Dublin, 1893). For the O'Neills of the 18th century, and especially the ist Viscount O'Neill, see The Charlemont Papers, and F. Hardy, Memoirs of J. Caulfield, Earl of Charlemont (2 vols., London, 1812). The O'Neills of Ulster: Their History and Genealogy, by Thomas Mathews (3 vols., Dublin, 2907), an ill-arranged and uncritical work has little historical value, but contains a mass of traditional and legendary lore, and a number of translations of ancient poems, and genealogical tables of doubtful authority.