General Quantum Theory
General Quantum Theory So Far We Have Been Concerned With Systems Possessing Only One Degree Of Freedom, Actually Or Virtually, And Consequently Only One Quantum Number To Fix A Stationary State. In 1915 W. Wilson And A. Sommerfeld Succeeded, Independently Of One Another, In Finding Appropriate Rules Or Conditions For ...
General Survey Of The
General Survey Of The Science General Psychology.—in The Foregoing Exposition An Attempt Has Been Made To Present The Central Problem Of The Science, And To Indicate Certain Representative Lines Along Which Its Topics May Be Treated. It Need Scarcely Be Said, However, That The Sub Ject Is Controversial, And That ...
George Haven Putnam
Putnam, George Haven (1844– 1930), Dean Of American Publishers, At Eighty-five (5929) The Active Head Of One Of The Oldest Publishing Houses In The Country, The House That Gave To American Literature Such Names As Washington Irving And Fenimore Cooper; With Sixty-five Years Of Publishing Experi Ence Behind Him, He ...
George Puttenham
Puttenham, George (d. 159o), The Reputed Author Of The Arte Of English Poesie (1589). The Book Was Entered At Stationers' Hall In 1588, And Published In The Following Year. The Writer Of The Arte Of English Poesie Was Educated At Oxford, And At The Age Of 18 He Addressed An ...
George Of Podebrad
Podebrad, George Of King Of Bo Hemia, Was The Son Of Victoria Of Kunstat And Podebrad, A Bo Hemian Nobleman, Who Was One Of The Leaders Of The "orphans" Or Modern Taborites During The Hussite Wars. George Became Early Prominent As Leader Of The National, Or Calixtine Party In Bohemia, ...
Geotropism
Geotropism It Is Well Known That The Plant Body Takes Up A Definite Posi Tion In Space. The Main Stem Of A Tree Usually Stands Quite Ver Tically And Its Branches Stand Out More Or Less Horizontally. The Main Or Tap Root Also Grows Vertically Downwards And The Root Lets ...
Giacomo Puccini
Puccini, Giacomo ( ,1858-1924), Italian Operatic Com Poser, Was Born At Lucca On June 22, 1858, Of A Family Already Distinguished In Music : His Great-great-grandfather Giacomo, Great-grandfather Antonio, Grandfather Domenico, And Father Michele, Having All Been Professional Musicians. He Was Educated At The Milan Conservatoire Where He Studied Under ...
Gian Battista 1485 1557 Ramusio
Ramusio, Gian Battista (1485-1557) , Geographer, Was Born At Treviso In 1485 (june 2o), The Son Of Paolo The Elder (c. 1443-1506). Gian Battista Was Educated At Venice And At Padua And Entered The Public Service (15o5), Becoming In 1515 Secretary Of The Senate And In 1533 Secretary Of The ...
Gnaeus 106 48 Bc Pompeius
Pompeius, Gnaeus (106-48 B.c.), The Triumvir, The First Of His Family To Assume The Surname Magnus, Was Born On Sept. 3o, In The Same Year As Cicero. When Only 17 He Fought Together With His Father In The Social War. He Took The Side Of Sulla Against Marius And Cinna, ...
Greek Pottery
Greek Pottery The Pottery Of Ancient Greece, Prehistoric And Historical, Is Distinguished From All Other Fictile Wares Of The Same Ages By Its Free' Development Of Naturalistic Painted Decoration. The Ceramic Painter's Art Was So Far Separated From The Potter's In The Classical Period, That Each Could Put His Signature ...
Gregory Efimovitch Rasputin
Rasputin, Gregory Efimovitch Russian Monk. Was Born In 1371 In The Village Of Near Tyumen. In The Province Of Tobolsk. Siberia. He Was The Son Of A Poor Peasant Whose Disorderly Behaviour Resulted In His Being Given The Name Of Rasputin. Meaning "debauchee." He Received No Education. And Till The ...
Group
Group). The Properties Of Any Figure Which Remain Unaltered When This Figure Undergoes The Transformations Of This Group Are Called Projective Properties. For Example, The Property Of A Curve Of Having A Second Degree Equation, I.e., Of Being A Conic Section, Is Unaltered. Likewise The Property Of A Point, Line ...
Hand Presses Used In Graphic
Hand-presses Used In Graphic Arts History.—in The Beginning The Only Machines Used By The Graphic Arts Were Hand-presses. These Machines Were Used Before Either Steam Or Electricity Were Thought Of As A Means Of Pro Viding Power. Of Course, In Modern Times, The Large Machines Used Could Not Be Operated ...
Harmony
Harmony, In Philosophy, De Notes The Relationship Between Body And Mind As Conceived By Leibnitz. According To The Interaction Theory Body And Mind Act Upon Each Other, So That The Body Does What The Mind Wants Done, And The Mind Is Affected By The Condition Of The Body. Cartesian Dualism ...
Hebrew Prophecy
Hebrew Prophecy The Hebrew Noun Nabi ("prophet," Pl. Nebi'im) Is Obscure In Origin. Derivations Implying Intense Excitement (v» "to Bubble Up"; Assyr., "to Fall In Transports") Are Etymologically Im Probable. The Verbal Form (an Intensive) Used In Hebrew Often Denotes Frenzy Or Even Lunacy, But This May Reflect Merely One ...
Henry 1659 1695 Purcell
Purcell, Henry (1659-1695), English Composer, Was Born In Westminster. His Recent Biographer, Dennis Arundell, Points Out That The Statement Aet. Suae. 24 On The Printed Edition Of His Sonatas In June 1683 Places His Birth Between June And November 1659, Nov. 20, 1695 Being The Date Of His Death In ...
Henry Jarvis Raymond
Raymond, Henry Jarvis (182o-1869), American Journalist, Was Born Near The Village Of Lima, Livingston County, (n.y.), Jan. 24, 1820. He Graduated From The University Of Ver Mont In 1840. After Teaching, Acting As Correspondent For Various Papers, Assisting Horace Greeley (q.v.) On The New Yorker And The Tribune, And Serving ...
Henry Seymour Rawlinson Rawlinson
Rawlinson, Henry Seymour Rawlinson, 1st Baron (1864-1925), British Soldier, Was Born On Feb. 20, 1864, Son Of Maj. Gen. Sir H. Rawlinson, Bart. He Joined The Army In 1884 And A Year Later Became Aide-de-camp To Sir F. Roberts In India On Whose Staff He Served Intermittently For Some Years. ...
Herbert Putnam
Putnam, Herbert ), American Librarian, Was Born In New York City On Sept. 20, 1861. He Graduated From Harvard College In 1883 And Thereafter Studied Law At Columbia University, Being Admitted To The Bar In 1886. His Calling, However, Proved To Be That Of Librarian. He Was Librarian Of The ...
History Of Protozoology
History Of Protozoology Protozoa Were First Discovered In The Latter Half Of The 17th Century By A. Van Leuwenhoek (1632-1723) A Dutch Amateur Naturalist And Chamberlain To The Sheriff Of Delft. Leuwenhoek Carried On His Investigations With Magnifying Glasses And Micro Scopes He Had Designed And Made Himself. A Systematic ...
History Of Psychology
Psychology, History Of. In The Earliest Times Psychology Is A Part Of The General Description Of Human Conduct. Though The Details Are No Longer Valuable, The General Classifica Tions Originally Used Are Historically Interesting On Account Of The Way In Which They Have Persisted. Of Release By Purification And A ...
I Andries Pretorius 1799 1853
I. Andries Pretorius (1799-1853), A Dutch Farmer Of Graaff Reinet, Cape Colony, And A Descendant From One Of The Earliest Dutch Settlers In South Africa, Left His Home In The Great Trek, And By Way Of What Is Now The Orange Free State Crossed The Drakensberg Into Natal, Where He ...
Il 1483 1539 Pordenone
Pordenone, Il (1483-1539), Italian Painter Of The Venetian School. He Was Born At Corticelli, Near Pordenone, In Friuli. His Real Name Was Giovanni Antonio De Sacchi. Vasari's Statement That His Family Name Was Licinio Has Been Disproved. In 1535 King John Of Hungary Knighted Him, And Thenceforth He Called Himself ...
Insect Pollination Entomophily
Insect Pollination (entomophily) The Special Characteristics Of Entomophilous Flowers Are The At Tractive Colour Of The Floral Envelope, The Presence Of Scent And Of Nectar, And Of Pollen Which Is Not Powdery But Sticky And Is Present In Comparatively Small Quantities. The Entomophilous Is The Most Common Type Of Pollination ...
Irritability
Irritability The Term Irritability Is Often Applied To The Visible Reactions Which The Plant Makes To Its Environment. The Particular Action Of The Environment Is Known As The Stimulus, And Irritable Re Sponses As Responses To A Stimulus. The Stimulus May, For Ex Ample, Be Some Change In The Intensity ...
Irritant Poisons
Irritant Poisons The More Important Irritant Poisons Will He Considered Under This Heading (vide List Above) But It Must Be Remembered That Many Of The General Poisons, E.g., Savin, Cantharides, Etc., Have An Irritant Action On The Stomach And Intestines In Addition To Their Special Action On Important Organs And ...
Isle Of Portland
Portland, Isle Of, Properly A Peninsula On The Coast Of Dorsetshire, England; Chesil Bank Connects It With The Main Land. Pop. (1931), 12,018. It Is 4m. Long And Nearly I 1- In Ex Treme Breadth, With An Area Of About 44 Sq.m. The Shores Are Precipitous, And Portland Is Inaccessible ...
Jacopo Da 1494 1556 Pontormo
Pontormo, Jacopo Da (1494-1556), Was One Of The Leading Representatives Of The Late Florentine School Of Painting, Which, Though Nearing Exhaustion. Still Reflected The Traditions Of The Great Age. He Was Born At Pontormo, Near Empoli, On May 24, 1494, And Was The Son Of Bartolommeo Carucci, A Painter. He ...
James 1693 1766 Quin
Quin, James (1693-1766), Irish Actor, Was Born In London On Feb. 24, 1693. He Made His First Appearance On The Stage As Abel In Sir Robert Howard's The Committee At The Smock Alley Theatre, Dublin. Quin's First London Engagement Was In Small Parts At Drury Lane, And He Secured His ...
James Cowles Prichard
Prichard, James Cowles English Physician And Ethnologist, Was Born On Feb. Ii, 1786, At Ross, Herefordshire. He Adopted Medicine As A Profession Mainly Be Cause Of The Facilities It Offered For Anthropological Investigations. He Took His M.d. At Edinburgh, Afterwards Reading For A Year At Trinity College, Cambridge, Whence, Joining ...
James I
James I., King Of Aragon (1213-1276), Peire Cardinal, Bernart Sicart De Maruejols, Guiraut Riquier, At De Mons; Peter Iii., King Of Aragon (1276-1285), Paulet Of Marseilles, Guiraut Riquier, Serveri De Girone; Alphonso Ix., King Of Leon (1138 1214), Peire Rogier, Guiraut De Borneil, Aimeric De Pegulhan, Hugh De Saint Circq; ...
James Knox Polk
Polk, James Knox 11th President Of The United States, Was Born In Mecklenburg County, N.c., On Nov. 2, 1795. In 1806 He Crossed The Mountains With His Parents And Settled In What Is Now Maury County, Tennessee. He Graduated From The University Of North Carolina In 1818, Studied Law In ...
James Ryder 1839 1908 Randall
Randall, James Ryder (1839-1908), American Journalist And Poet, Born At Baltimore, Md., Jan. 1, 1839. His Academic Education Was Received At Georgetown College, After Which He Travelled In South America And Then Became Professor Of English Literature At Poydras College At Pointe-coupee, La., Where He Was When The Civil War ...
Jane Porter
Porter, Jane British Novelist, Daughter Of An Army Surgeon, Was Born At Durham In 1776. Her Life And Reputation Are Closely Linked With Those Of Her Sister, Anna Maria Porter (1780-1832) , Novelist, And Her Brother, Sir Robert Ker Porter (1775-1842), Painter And Traveller. After Their Father's Death, In 1779, ...
Jean 1639 1699 Racine
Racine, Jean (1639-1699), French Tragic Dramatist, Was Born At La Ferte-milon (aisne), And Was Christened On Dec. 22, 1639. His Father Was A Solicitor, And Held The Office Of Con Troleur Au Grenier A Sel At La Ferte. Racine's Mother Died When He Was Little More Than A Year Old ...
Jean Philippe 1683 1764 Rameau
Rameau, Jean Philippe (1683-1764), French Mu Sical Theorist And Composer, Was Born At Dijon, The Son Of An Organist, On Oct. 23, 1683. His Father Wished Him To Study Law, But The Boy's Head Was Full Of Music, Which He Could Only Pursue In Haphazard Fashion. In 1701 His Father ...
Jeanne Antoinette Poisson Le
Pompadour, Jeanne Antoinette Poisson Le Normant D'etioles, Marquise De (1721-1764), Mistress Of Louis Xv., Was Born In Paris On Dec. 29, 1721, And Baptized As The Legitimate Daughter Of Francois Poisson, An Officer In The Household Of The Duke Of Orleans, And His Wife, Madeleine De La Motte, In The ...
John 1584 1643 Pym
Pym, John (1584-1643), English Statesman, Son And Heir Of Alexander Pym, Of Brymore, Somersetshire, A Member Of An Ancient Family Which Had Held This Seat In Direct Male Descent From The Time Of Henry Iii. He Matriculated As A Commoner At Broad Gates Hall (now Pembroke College), Oxford, In 1599, ...
John 1822 1892 Pope
Pope, John (1822-1892), American Soldier, Was Born At Louisville, Ky., On March 16, 1822. He Graduated At The United States Military Academy In 1842 And Was Assigned To The Engineers. He Served In The Mexican War, Subsequently Engaged In Engineer Ing And Exploring Work, And Was Commissioned Captain In 1856. ...
John Henry Poynting
Poynting, John Henry British Physi Cist, Was Born At Monton, Near Manchester, On Sept. 9, 1852. He Studied At Owens College, Manchester, And At Trinity College, Cambridge. He Was Bracketed Third Wrangler In 1876. Poynting Went As Demonstrator In Physics To Owens College, But Returned To Cambridge In 1878 On ...
John Percival Postgate
Postgate, John Percival English Classical Scholar And Fellow Of The British Academy, Was The Son Of Dr. John Postgate (182o-81), The Initiator Of The Laws Against The Adulteration Of Food. He Was Educated At King Edward's School, Birmingham, And Trinity College, Cambridge, Where He Took His Degree In 1876. He ...
John Pond
Pond, John (c. 1767-1836), English Astronomer-royal, Was Born About 1767 In London. After Leaving Trinity College, Cambridge, He Settled At Westbury Near Bristol, And Began To Determine Star-places With A Fine Altitude And Azimuth Circle Of 21 Ft. Diameter By E. Troughton. His Demonstration In 1806 (phil. Trans. Xcvi. 420) ...
John Porteous
Porteous, John (d. 1736), Captain Of The City Guard Of Edinburgh, Whose Name Is Associated With The Riots Of 1736, Was The Son Of An Edinburgh Tailor. Having Served In The Army, He Was Employed In 1715 To Drill The City Guard For The Defence Of Edinburgh In Anticipation Of ...
John Randolph
Randolph, John, Of Roanoke (1773-1833), American Statesman And Orator, Was Born At -cawsons, Va., On June 2, 1773. Through His Father, John Randolph, And His Mother, Frances Bland, He Was Related To The Randolphs Of Turkey Island And The Blands Of Westover, Two Of The Most Conspicu Ous Families Of ...
John Wesley Powell
Powell, John Wesley American Geologist And Ethnologist, Was Born At Mount Morris, N.y., March 24, 1834. His Parents Were Of English Birth, But Had Moved To America In 183o, And He Was Educated At Illinois And Oberlin Colleges. He Began His Geological Work With A Series Of Field Trips Including ...
John William Strutt Rayleigh
Rayleigh, John William Strutt, 3rd Baron (1842-1919), English Physicist, Was Born In Essex On Nov. 12, 1842, And Educated At Trinity College, Cambridge. He Succeeded To His Father's Title In 1873. From 1879 To 1884 He Was Cavendish Professor Of Experimental Physics In The University Of Cambridge, And From 1887 ...
Josef Radetzky
Radetzky, Josef, Count Of Radetz Austrian Soldier, Was Born At Trzebnitz In Bohemia In 1766, Of An Old Noble Family, Originally Hungarian. He Joined The Army As A Cadet In 1785. Next Year He Became An Officer, And In 1787 A First Lieutenant In A Cuirassier Regiment. He Served As ...
Joseph 1733 1804 Priestley
Priestley, Joseph (1733-1804), English Chemist And Nonconformist Minister, Was Born On March 13, 1733, At Field Head, A Hamlet In The West Riding Of Yorkshire. His Father, Jonas Priestley, A Woollen-cloth Dresser Of Moderate Means, Was A Non Conformist. At The Age Of 12 The Son Was Sent To A ...
Joseph 1847 1911 Pulitzer
Pulitzer, Joseph (1847-1911), American Editor And Newspaper Proprietor, Was Born In Mako, Hungary, April I 0, 1847. His Father, A Grain-merchant, Was Magyar-jewish; His Mother Austro-german. Pulitzer Was Educated Privately In Buda Pest. Excluded From The Army As A Result Of Physical Defects, And Failing In An Attempt To Join ...
Joseph Anthony Poniatowski
Poniatowski, Joseph Anthony Polish Prince And Marshal Of France, Son Of Andrew Poniatowski And The Countess Theresa Kinsky, Was Born At Warsaw In 1763. He Served With Distinction In The Imperial Forces Against The Turks In 1788, Then Becoming Major-general And Subsequently Lieutenant General In The Polish Army Under His ...
Joseph Louis 1754 1826 Proust
Proust, Joseph Louis (1754-1826), French Chemist, Was Born On Sept. 26, 1754, At Angers, Where His Father Was An Apothecary. After Beginning The Study Of Chemistry In His Father's Shop He Came To Paris And Became Apothecary In Chief To The Salpetriere, Also Lecturing On Chemistry At The Musee Of ...
Jovianus 1426 1503 Pontanus
Pontanus, Jovianus (1426-1503), Italian Humanist And Poet, Was Born In 1426 At Cerreto, In The Duchy Of Spoleto, And Educated, After The Death Of His Father In A Civil Disturbance, At Perugia. At The Age Of 22 He Went To Naples, Where He Re Mained For The Rest Of His ...
Juan Prim
Prim, Juan, Marquis De Los Castillejos, Count De Reus (1814-1870), Spanish Soldier And Statesman, Was Born At Reus, Catalonia, On Dec. 12, 1814. He Served In The Volunteers Of Isabella Ii. In 1834, Becoming Lieutenant-colonel During The Carlist War. In 1839, As A Progressist Opposed To The Dictatorship Of Espartero, ...
In Industry Pools
Pools, In Industry. Rival Manufacturers Or Traders Who, While Still Ostensibly In Competition With Each Other, Either Allocate Among Themselves By Agreement The Amount Or Propor Tion Of Business Each Shall Do, Or Agree As To Who Shall Put In The Lowest Tender For A Contract, Frequently Set Up, As ...