Between the years 1920 and 1928 the enrolment in Catholic secondary schools increased 6o%. There are 32% more lay than religious instructors in Catholic universities and colleges for men. The education of the clergy is provided for by 136 semin aries, in which there are 14,432 students. A Directory of Catholic Schools and Colleges for the United States has been printed (1926), as well as a Directory of Catholic Charities (1926). There are 351 orphan asylums with 51,961 inmates. Other charitable institutions number over 2,000 and include every form of private and public charity.
The actual government of the Church in the United States is represented (1929) by the apostolic delegate at Washington, four cardinals (Boston, New York, Philadelphia and Chicago) ; 15 archbishops (Baltimore, Boston, Chicago, Cin cinnati, Dubuque, Milwaukee, New Orleans, New York, Oregon City, Philadelphia, St. Louis, St. Paul, San Antonio, San Fran cisco and Santa Fe) ; 103 bishops; 18,370 diocesan clergymen, under the sole and immediate direction of their bishops; 7,403 members of religious orders, subject to episcopal supervision— in all 25,773 clergymen. There are 11,699 churches with resident priests, and 6,175 mission churches—in all 18,293 churches, to which must be added several thousand chapels. Several hundred daily, weekly, biweekly and monthly publications are printed in English and foreign languages. There exist also several literary and academic reviews, published monthly and quarterly, of a high order of merit. A Catholic Press Directory was published in 1928. National
of the social and intel lectual forces of Catholicism in the United States are giving con siderable attention to the recent development of the Church along national lines. The change in the immigration policy of the country has rendered this development possible, since it permits the racial elements to be more easily assimilated to national ideals. Many agencies are at work effecting this general evolution. Among them are the Catholic Educational Assn., the National Conference of Catholic Charities, the Catholic Hospital Assn., the Inter national Catholic Guild of Nurses, the Catholic Near East Wel fare Assn., the Central Bureau of the Central-Verein, the American Catholic Philosophical Assn. and the American Catholic Historical Association. All these organizations are aided by the central bureaux of the National Catholic Welfare Conference at Wash ington. National organization is also being effected through such societies as the Holy Name Society, the Knights of Columbus, the Daughters of Isabella and the Catholic Daughters of America, the International Catholic Truth Society and the International Federation of Catholic Alumnae.
An annual meeting of the American hierarchy is held in Sep tember at the Catholic University of America, Washington, for the discussion of mooted points in Church discipline and progress. The national Catholic welfare conference is directed by an ad ministrative committee of bishops, who report annually at the aforesaid meeting. A recent development is the creation of the home and foreign missionary board.
Missionary work has been begun by American priests and sisters in foreign fields. The Catholic Foreign Mission Society of America (Maryknoll, N.Y.), and the Dominicans and the Foreign Mission Sisters of St. Dominic, have stations in China. The Holy Cross Fathers maintain missions in India. The Catholic Students Mission Crusade is an active participant in these proj ects. There is a bureau for Catholic Indian missions at Wash ington, and a national board for mission work among the coloured people, with headquarters in New York city. In social and edu cational welfare work the Knights of Columbus, with a member ship approaching 1,000,000 men, has occupied a position of leadership.
The chief foreign source-collections for the his tory of the Church in the United States are in Rome (Vatican archives and archives of propaganda), Paris, London (West minster archives), Seville (Archivo general de Indias), Mexico City (national archives), and Quebec (archiepiscopal archives). Transcripts of these documents are in the Shea collection at Georgetown university, in the archives of the Dominican House of Studies (Washington), and in the Guilday transcripts at the Catholic University of America. Every episcopal see has its own archives, and considerable material exists at the headquarters of the religious orders and congregations, particularly in Rome. The Catholic archives of America at Notre Dame university are particularly rich in unpublished material. Printed sources will be found in the quarterly Records and Reviews of the Catholic his torical societies in the United States (cf. Guilday, "Catholic His torical Societies in the United States [1884-1928]," in Off. Cath. Year Books, 639-644). The Catholic Historical Review (1915 1921) contains bibliographical references for all phases of Ameri can Catholic history. Ecclesiastical legislation will be found in the Acta et Decreta of the Third Plenary Council of Baltimore. The new code of canon law has been analysed for American pur poses in a supplementary volume of the Catholic Encyclopedia (1918).