Ii Imperial Period

BIBLIOGRAPHY.-There

is a good bibliography for mediaeval Rome in E. Calvi, Bibliografia generale di Roma (1906). The more important sources for the history of Rome in the middle ages, as far as they have been edited, are found in the Liber Pontificalis, edit. by Duchesne (1886-92) and by Mommsen, in the Monumenta Germaniae Historica (1896) ; in Baronius, Annales Ecclesiastici (best ed. Paris, 1864-82) ; and in the Archivio della Reale Society Romana di Storia Patria. See also Watterich, Pontificum romanorum, etc. (1862) ; Kehr, Regesta pontificum, etc. (1896). For the period 568-751 there is a good bibliog raphy in C. Diehl, Etudes sur l'administration byzantine (1888) ; for 751-1252, in L. Halphen, Etudes sur l'administration de Rome au moyen age (1907) ; for 1354-1471, in E. Rodocanachi, Histoire de Rome (1922). Each of these three books also has a bibliography of secondary works. Duchesne's Les premiers temps de l'etat pontifical, 754-1073 (1898) has corrected many errors formerly held. Older books which are still valuable are: Savigny, Geschichte des romischen Rechts im Mittelalter; J. Ficker, Forschungen zur Reichs-und Rechtsge schichte Italiens (Innsbruck, 1868-74) ; F. Papencordt, Geschichte der Stadt Rom. (Paderborn, 1857) ; A. von Reumont, Geschichte der Stadt Rom. (1867-68). F. Gregorovius, Geschichte der Stadt Rom is a standard work and very interesting. It was finished in 1872 and con sequently needs correction on many points. There is a fifth edition in German (Stuttgart, 1903 seq.) and an English translation, from the fourth edition, by Annie Hamilton (1894 seq.). P. Villari, Ii comune di Roma nel medio evo, in his Saggi storici e critici (Bologna, 1890) is a "brilliant essay"; cf. also his Mediaeval Italy from Charlemagne

to Henry VII. (Iwo). Camillo Re, Statuti della citta di Roma (1880) prints the statutes, with a long introduction ; cf. G. Gatti, Statuti dei mercanti di Roma (1885). For the time of Innocent III., A. Luchaire, Innocent III.; Rome et Italie (1904) ; cf. his article in Revue His torique, vol. 81 (1903). For Brancaleone, M. Rovere, Brancaleone degli Andalo (Udine, 1895). For the 14th and 15th centuries, the work of Rodocanachi, cited above, and also his Les institutions communales de Rome 0900, which is better for this later period than for the earlier ages. Hartmann Grisar S.J. announced a very elaborate worn on the history of Rome and the popes ip the middle ages, only the first volume, in German, was published (1899-1901, Eng. trans. 1911 seq.). 0. ROssler, Grundriss einer Geschichte Roms im Mittelalter (1909) is useful. See also the two series Storia politica de Italia, one written by a Society di professori and the other by a Society d'amici, in which appeared the following useful volumes: G. Romano, Dominazioni barbariche 395-1024 (1909) ; F. Bertolini, Dominazioni germanische (1872) ; F. Lanzani, Comuni (1881) ; C. Cippola, Signorie italiane (1881) (all published at Milan). Some material is to be found in M. Creighton, History of the Papacy (2nd. ed., 1897) and in L. Pastor, Geschichte der Papste (Leipzig, 1884 seq.), of which there is an English translation (St. Louis, 1898 seq.). A brief account is W. Miller's Mediaeval Rome (1902) in the Story of the Nations series.

(D. C. M.)