San Francisco is well supplied with institutions of learning. These include the affiliated colleges of the Univer sity of California, the University of San Francisco and numerous law and medical schools. Eight miles across the bay from San Francisco, at Berkeley, is the University of California, one of the largest in the United States; while at Palo Alto is Stanford university (q.v.) one of the richest institutions in the world. Near Oakland is St. Mary's university, and in the hills of Oakland is located Mills college, a leading institution for women.
During 1933-1934 San Francisco public day schools had an enrolment of 78,165-5,476 in kindergartens;
in elemen tary schools; 12,696 in junior and junior-senior high schools; and 55,884 in high schools. At the same time there were 3,289 in special schools, 21,762 in evening high schools and 16,00o in private and parochial schools. There were 2,509 teachers. To maintain this system there was a city tax rate of $6.91 which resulted in an income of $3,462,085, but little less than a third of the total receipts of $10,820,087. The State Government con tributed $4,901,487 and smaller amounts were received from the county and Federal governments. Of the expenses of $9,687,959, $5,641,644 or 58.2% was for salaries. Schools were listed as follows: 83 elementary and grammar ; 9 junior high schools; 7 high schools ; 5 evening high schools ; 5 evening elementary schools; one part-time and one ungraded school.
The group of buildings in the civic centre consists of (1) City Hall, of classic design, sur mounted by an immense dome higher than that of the Capitol at Washington ; cost, $4,000,000 ; (2) Exposition auditorium which has a seating capacity of 12,000 in the main auditorium; cost, $2,000,000; (3) San Francisco Public library; cost, $1,500, 000; (4) State building; cost $1,000,000; (5) an opera house, and other buildings. In March 1936 the U. S. Government completed a $2,600,000 Federal office building. A $965,000 mint building was finished early in 1937. California palace of the Legion of Honor, in Lincoln park overlooking the Golden Gate, is a replica of the palace of the Legion of Honor in Paris. In Golden Gate park are located the De Young Memorial museum, Academy of Sciences, Steinhart aquarium and the Museum of anthropology. Near the Presidio is located the San Francisco Museum of art. At Kearny and Washington streets is the Hall of Justice erected in 1910 at a cost of $1,000,000, containing police courts and the criminal department of the superior court. Other notable build
ings are the United States Mint, built in 1874; the Post-office; the Customs house and the United States Appraiser's buildings; and the Ferry building, built by the State in 1896 at a cost of about $1,000,000, which is 659f t. long and 156ft. wide, serving as a ferry terminal and containing many State offices.
San Francisco is noted for its beautiful and extensive parks. There are 81 parks, with a total acreage of 2,897, and several large parks are under construction. In addition to the municipal parks, the several Government reservations, the largest of which is the Presidio, comprising 1,542ac., all go toward augmenting the aggregate area of the city parks. All of San Francisco's parks are "man-made." The Golden Gate park, a well-known play ground, comprises Lo13ac. and is about 3m. long and
wide, extending from Stanyan street on the east to the Pacific ocean on the west, and lies in the midst of San Francisco residential districts. In the park are many museums and monuments, an aviary, aquarium, music temple, stadium, tennis courts, baseball and football grounds, bridle paths, an athletic field and running track, paddocks and children's playgrounds. Improved driveways in the park exceed 25m. in length. At the western end of the park is to be seen the sloop "Gjoa," the only vessel that ever navigated the north-west passage ; it was given to San Francisco by its owner, Captain Roald Amundsen.
San Francisco's street system was begun in 1835, when Calle de la Fundacion or Foundation street was laid out. The first survey, made in 1839, covered what is now the financial and retail sections of the city. Other streets and avenues were gradually added until 1845 when Jasper O'Farrell made a second survey. This system applied the "checker-board lay-out," with Market street the main artery and division point. The streets north of it run due north or west, while on the south side they run at right angles to the Market street slant, which is slightly to the south-east. The first comprehensive system of boulevards was formulated in 1913 by city engineer M. M. O'Shaughnessy. With expenditures at that time of approximately $100,000 per annum, San Francisco is in 1937 spending more than a million dollars yearly on its streets. Among the boulevards are the Marina, Hunters Point, Twin Peaks, Market street extension, Bay Shore and Ocean Shore.